witch witch. Hereditary witch, heir of the magician
A witch means to know, knows about magic.
A hereditary witch is a descendant of a witch, a witch.
The very word magic is already mystical, unknown, unknown. Causes strong conflicting feelings in people.
Magic is treated with caution and respect, with distrust, and vice versa, they see salvation.
There is no person in the world who would not know anything about magic, witches, sorcerers and soothsayers.
For many centuries, from generation to generation, hereditary witches, sorceresses and magicians pass on knowledge and abilities to future generations - descendants.
During the Inquisition, people who possessed the secrets of witchcraft were burned at the stake. But such an attitude towards witches only strengthened the dark artisans to create stronger curses, rituals and conspiracies. Subsequently, this knowledge has come down to our time.
Magic is a kind of ancient knowledge, shrouded in mystery and respected. They are afraid of her.
Who are called witches, sorcerers?
Those who actually possess knowledge in the field of dark craft are associated with the other world - they are called witches, magicians, sorcerers.
People often turn to magic for help at times when despair sets in. When medicine and healers cannot help. When the traditional method fails to solve problems.
People with incurable diseases, unhappy love, business problems come to adherents. As well as issues that cannot be solved traditionally.
Hereditary witch.
Who is a hereditary witch?
A hereditary witch can help you get out of a difficult life situation.
It is generally accepted that witches are demons, and commit atrocities for the sake of pleasure and in the name of evil. However, it is not! Doing rituals in order to make a person disgusting is not acceptable even in the society of black adepts of magic.
In fact, the range of services of a hereditary witch is much more extensive and focused:
- Both for inducing damage, and for removing.
- To pacify and expel sickness.
- To attract wealth.
- For induction of a love spell and for removal (rite of passage).
- For empowerment and deprivation.
The abilities and capabilities of a hereditary witch depend on her strength. The stronger the hereditary witch, the wider the range of services and opportunities. Strength is determined by experience, practice, and the descendant of which witch she is.
The question is, for what purpose does the person himself resort to the services of a magician. What are the intentions - good, or vice versa.
Often a person is ready to refuse, disregard moral standards and overcome fear in order to gain power, money, love. Or experience the pleasure of a realized desire for revenge. And this hereditary witch can help.
How to become a hereditary witch?
A hereditary witch receives a gift at birth.
The reasons for the birth are considered to be:
- The birth of an illegitimate girl in the third, ninth, twelfth generation.
- A child who was cursed by her mother during pregnancy, as well as a child who was born to parents who were cursed.
- Birth or conception in Lent, on a Great Church holiday, or during the last phase of the moon.
To become a real, strong witch, one desire and "inheritance" will not be enough. A magical gift is needed, which is transmitted through the generation through the female line.
With what problems do they turn to the witch?
A person turns to a witch with various problems, and they will certainly be resolved.
To deny the existence of otherworldly forces is unreasonable. And for those who try to turn a blind eye to this, fate brings surprises in the form of trouble. Then a person prefers to believe in the possibilities of black magic and goes to a hereditary witch. Since it is better to contact a specialist and solve the problem than to regret later that he could correct the situation, but did this due to some kind of prejudice.
Hereditary sorceress, witch.
I am a hereditary witch. I received a gift at birth, and I took knowledge from my grandmother. Outwardly, an ordinary woman, without a tail and a wart on her nose. I do not eat people and do not dry mice for rituals.
But I also have power.
I work mostly in the direction of love magic. I can help with solving problems that have arisen in relationships with the second half.
Those who contacted me returned their love and are happy in a relationship.
The gift of sorcery is the ability to summon dark demons and direct their deeds in the right direction.
My Witch Abilities:
- I know the love rituals of witchcraft. .
- I know love rituals Voodoo: Black wedding, sexual binding.
- I return a loved one who left, with the help of the powers of the spirits of darkness.
- I make strong love conspiracies, for wealth, luck, health, attractiveness.
- I'm doing a love spell. I do the drying, rassorku, cool.
- I am diagnosing karma.
- I make personalized love horoscopes.
The goal is to help improve relationships between lovers with the help of witchcraft powers.
Now a person clearly understands that today you can buy a lot, including health and love. And the realities are such that it is difficult to perceive modern life differently. You need to pay for everything - both for medicines in order to have health, and for the woman you like to pay attention to.
A hereditary magician is able to make sure that problems with money never arise. He will attract success to business and conduct the necessary rituals to increase, attract wealth.
People have been using the services of hereditary magicians for a long time to eliminate competitors in business, to remove controllers from the company in order to speed up sales.
Services of hereditary magicians
However, hereditary magicians are able to help not limited to solving financial problems.
It happens that the soul of the deceased does not rest in any way in the next world and regularly visits living relatives and relatives. Then only a hereditary magician (medium) can help, with the help of necromancy, or a spiritualistic session. Using special magical rituals, the magician finds out the cause of the anxiety of the lost soul and helps the soul to rest, so that they leave the living alone.
P.S. it is worth contacting a medium if the Church did not help in repose.
Help magic in love.
As for matters of the heart, magic is able to remove an opponent (lapel), reunite a family, bewitch a lover. But remember that magic is an otherworldly force that will bind a person forever. Therefore, before
witch- a kind witch who practices love magic and helps people.
The oldest and largest scripture, called the "Vedas" is the Holy Scripture of the Earth. It tells about everything - how the Earth works, what the Cosmos is, the relationship between the Earth and the Sky. Scripture speaks of the origin of mankind from different faiths. Different sources interpret Scripture in different ways, but the essence remains the essence - it is a great book of knowledge about our past, present and future.
Now there are many TV shows in the "battle of psychics" format, where psychics, clairvoyants, mediums show their abilities in their show and the audience asks the witch in their city. It is impossible to answer this question unambiguously, since a witch is a woman who has a connection between bodies, spiritual and physical. Finding a real witch in Moscow, Perm or somewhere else is very difficult, as well as becoming one. This is an innate quality of a girl, gaining strength around the age of 40.
Where did the word "witch" come from?
Once upon a time there was one civilization on earth, owning the Vedas - a unified knowledge of metaphysical laws, the connection between the spiritual world and the physical world. The woman who was the so-called link connecting Heaven and Earth was called the Confessor or witch. These women easily grasp the relationship between the Cosmos and our Universe and can reveal all the secrets of the Universe.
The sorceress kept the secrets of mankind, easily guessed the future, prevented wars and misfortunes. In times of matriarchy, such women were revered and respected. When Christianity came to Earth, people began to believe in Jesus and the Bible, the Holy Scripture faded into the background. Mankind took the side of purity and the clergy, referring the witches to the side of evil and magic, witchcraft.
Witch and witch - what's the difference?
Between the witch and the witch there is a huge gap, because the witch is subject to the forces of evil and black magic. This is a sorceress engaged in evil deeds, damage, curses and attracting all sorts of evil into our lives. All this affects subsequent generations of witches, all women up to the seventh generation, if they do not become witches, then turn into deeply unhappy creatures responsible for the sins of their ancestors.
The sorceress, on the contrary, brings everything pure and bright to the Earth. Often such women can be recognized by their appearance. Who is a witch? It may be a black-haired woman with green eyes and a slightly hooked nose. Usually it is these external signs that symbolize the fatal image of a seductress who knows exactly what she needs in life and how to help others.
Mankind has seen many women with a similar gift. Witches can predict the future and can influence both their own and other people's fate and change lives.
Opportunities and consequences
Witches can do a lot and know how to use their abilities to bring harmony into our lives. The sorceress can see your past and accurately predict the future, they can give you a hint about what needs to be avoided so as not to stumble. However, the help of a witch may not be available to everyone, because they do not help everyone. Not a single witch will obey the forces of evil, so it is simply useless to turn to her for black magic. And here love magic in the name of the reunion of loved ones is a good deed.
Vedeniya is in charge of the whole life of a person, starting from his birth and ending with death. Veduns are often called Magi, as they practice the use of special magic - sorcery. This is good witchcraft that can help a person understand his essence and true intentions. The guides, as it were, lead you to good thoughts, they help you understand what happiness and harmony are, how to comprehend them and live your life with dignity.
Representatives of mystical knowledge are capable of both creating crisis, extreme situations and preventing them. They control our family and its followers, so they can easily promote conception or, conversely, counteract it.
The modern world knows many witches. They were in the past, they are now and they will be in the future. For example, the now deceased Bulgarian clairvoyant Vanga. During her life, she predicted many natural disasters and wars that took place in the past and will come true later if they are not prevented. The sorceress opens the gates to the future for us, we just need to know how to properly dispose of them.
Vdomo it happened to us that in Tula and in the Tula district
many ignorant people, having forgotten the fear of God, ...
in his own place are repudiated and heretical and godly books and
letters and spells and roots and poisons, and go to the sorcerers
and soothsayers .... many people are spoiled, and from that their damage
many people suffer from various diseases and die
Diploma of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to Tula on the prohibition
sorcery. 1653 Oparina. T. A. Unknown decree of 1653 on the prohibition
witchcraft // Ancient Rus'. Questions of medieval studies.
2002. No. 3 (9). pp. 88-91.
A witch is “one who owns secret information”, a character of magic (a woman engaged in witchcraft and magic), an image (folk fiction) is described in ethnographic literature, is found in almost every European epic. The idea of witches and sorceresses, obviously, took shape in prehistoric times and is associated with the division of labor, a man was engaged in hunting, a woman was a gatherer of various herbs, in the course of numerous experiments with herbs and minerals, specialization stood out - witchcraft (witchcraft), where women were represented in the vast majority . Healers (witches) were respected and feared, having experienced medical knowledge, a “witch” could cure or kill a person and an animal unnoticed by others (poisons, narcotic herbs).
In the Middle Ages, with the spread of the Judeo-Christian doctrine, life (health) and death of a person began to belong to God, trained monk-healers (helpers of God) were engaged in healing, female healers (competitors) used methods not recognized in Christianity, intervened in this Divine process and the church began persecute traditional healers. The German inquisitors G. Institor (Kramer) and J. Sprenger in 1486 wrote the treatise "Hammer of the Witches", which served as the basis for the trials of the "witches" (the detection of witchcraft and the procedure of evidence were described). Historians assess the “scale” of this phenomenon in different ways, figures appear - 100,000 trials against witches and from 14,000 to 60,000 executions. Most likely, the "Witch Hunt" was the result of epidemics, the church was looking for excuses and explanations for outbreaks of the plague - God did not help (the rules of elementary sanitation and hygiene described in the Bible were not followed), they began to look for the culprit on earth, as always, the blow fell on unprotected groups of the population - elderly women involved in medicine and, of course, Jews. " Black Death"(God's punishment) - an epidemic of bubonic plague that swept through Europe in the XIV century (1346, 1361, 1369), claimed the lives of 50 million people (the strongest psychological blow to religiosity), local foci of the plague arose many more times until 1670, total number Plague deaths are estimated at 200 million people.
In society, the clergy (propagandists and agitators) spread (sermon) mystical (demonic) information about healers and in the mass consciousness there was an idea that a woman becomes a "witch" by entering into an agreement with the devil. Religious fanaticism and superstition led to a surge in the 15th-17th centuries. persecution and execution of women who were considered witches, this period in Western Europe went down in history under the name "Witch Hunt".
The executions of "witches" were noted in Rus', albeit on a smaller scale, there were practically no doctors (doctors) and to traditional healers were treated more tolerantly: “for half a year only in Moscow, Fletcher (English envoy 1588-89) managed to witness the burning of two people, that is, there is reason to believe that there were much more such burnings. The chronicle under 7099 (1590/91) describes the burning of sorcerers in Astrakhan on the orders of Fyodor Ioannovich: “having tortured them, the sovereign ordered them to be burned” ”(E.O. Shatsky. Russian Orthodox Church and burning).
In Russian folklore (fairy tale), the area of activity of witches was considered to be hidden sabotage: the ability to take milk from cows, wool from sheep, eggs from poultry and lard from pigs, deprive people of their crops, make them ghouls, send diseases and spoil food; the witch can control the weather: cause hail, drought, etc.
N. V. Gogol. Viy. 1835
“Glorious was the man Khoma! - said the bell-ringer, when the lame tavern-keeper placed the third mug in front of him. - He was a noble man! And disappeared for nothing.
- And I know why he disappeared: because he was afraid. And if he was not afraid, then the witch could not do anything with him. You just need to cross yourself and spit on her very tail, then nothing will happen. I already know all this. After all, in Kyiv all the women who sit in the market are all witches.
1) Existing etymology and examples of the use of the term
The term "witch" is used only in Russian, Polish, Czech, Ukrainian and Belarusian languages, in this onomastic space since the emergence of statehood (and in some places even earlier) a significant Jewish population has lived.
A) Wiktionary, Witch
Root: -vedj-; suffix: -m; ending: a.
Meaning - in folk mythology, a sorceress, sorceress, a woman associated with evil spirits.
Etymology according to Max Vasmer
Comes from praslav. forms from which, among other things, originated: Ukr. witch "witch; night butterfly, Belor. Witch, Czech vedma, Polish wiedzma "witch, sorceress". Like Kashubian. wieszcz "ghoul, vampire" is related to Praslav. *vede "I know" (see to know, after all), other Russian. e.g. "witchcraft, witchcraft, knowledge."
B) Dictionary of the Russian language of the XI-XVII centuries, Academy of Sciences, M.,
VDMA, sorceress, sorceress. The witches of dishonor have two money according to their trade. Court. Fed. Iv. 1589
VODUNIA, female. to vdun. In Lithuanian cities, the old woman slanders hops, which are brought from Lithuania to our cities. 1632
VЪDATI, VЪDЪTI know to have information about something; from the 12th-13th centuries.
C) Letter from Tatishchev to I. D. Schumacher on August 7, 1747
“In the translation, although Mr. Volchkov retains a lot of foreign or Sarmatian rude words to put, such as Belegard about raising children in the position of secretary, 93, says, and Mr. Volchkov himself admits that in fable 89 the word WITCH is strange, and in many German words are wrongly put.
D) Dictionary of the Russian Academy of 1789 - there is no article witch.
Dictionary of the Academy of the Russian 1847 - VDMA, witch, sorceress, evil woman.
E) Generalization and conclusions
So, we have established that the term WITCH (VDMA) was recorded in Russian in 1589 in the Sudebnik of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich (son of Ivan the Terrible), there is no historical and linguistic basis to associate the term with the “proto-Slavic” form (according to Max Vasmer); the spread of the term did not come from “the people”, but obviously from the language of the church and royal chancellery.
Conclusion
Earlier we considered the term KNOW (see Art.) and singled out in it the Hebrew root YAD, YADA to know, to know; forms concepts - skill, knowledge of the matter, etc.
Obviously, the Hebrew root YADA is also included in the concept of VDMA, it is advisable to consider the term in connection with the sacred terminology of Hebrew, the other simply does not exist in Judeo-Christianity.
2) Hebrew terminology
A witch, a sorceress (usually an elderly woman who treats people and animals at her own peril and risk), often such activities harmed people (which is noted in the sources); B.S.E. produces a word from the verb to know (to know), a number of researchers are of the opinion that the term expresses the idea - "knowing mother". In Russian domestic life, the mother (grandmother) of the family has long been involved in healing the household, she knew and collected various medicinal herbs, made infusions, decoctions and ointments, each woman learned a certain amount of elementary medical knowledge and knew how to treat colds, fractures, burns, infectious diseases, injuries and take birth.
Let's bring the term into a form close to the Hebrew grammar, select the roots ВЪДМА = В+ЪД+ЬМА.
В+ЪД+ЬМА = Heb. In how, in the form of + YADA, YIDA to know, to know, to be able, to establish, to determine, to be known, knowledge of the matter + EAT, IMA mother, parent woman, reason, basis.
The term indicates a woman with the ability to heal (herbal medicine, hypnosis, etc.), she can make a "diagnosis" of the patient, find out the cause of the disease and determine the methods of treatment; initially - mutual assistance of women during childbirth.
In the old Russian statutory letter:
- “the sign of b, Ep ... meaning a very short (“deaf”) indefinite vowel, the pronunciation of which has not been precisely established ... Some suggest b = d (short and), others - short o”, ESBE;
- er b meant the sound "E".
WITCH
A similar Hebrew term is YIDONI sorcerer, predictor of the future, sorcerer, magician, magician; the root of the word is YADA, as in "witch".
“The Bible mentions three kinds of necromancy: “ob”, “idoni” and “turning to the dead”, and the first two are always mentioned together. The exact designation of these two words, as well as the etymology of the first, has not yet been clarified ”(EEBE, Necromancy).
Imagery in the Bible
Ecclesiastes 11:5: "Just as you do not know (YADA) the ways of the wind and how bones are formed in the womb of a pregnant woman, so you cannot know (YADA) the work of God, Who does everything."
Isaiah 41:23: "Tell what will happen in the future, and we will know (YADA) that you are gods, or do something, whether good or evil, so that we will be amazed and see with you."
Exodus 22:18: "Do not let the soothsayers live."
Leviticus 19:31: “Do not turn to those who call up the dead, and do not go to magicians (JIDONI), and do not bring yourself to be defiled by them. I am the Lord your God."
1 Samuel 28:3: “And Samuel died, and all the Israelites mourned for him, and buried him in Ramah, in his city. Saul expelled magicians and fortune-tellers (IIDONI) from the country.
Thus, after conducting a study, we established the lower time limit for the appearance of the term WITCH (1589), the conditions for its distribution (through royal decrees), the language of the term (Hebrew) and explained the content of the word. Obviously, the complex socio-political and military conditions of this period (Ivan the Terrible, the oprichnina, wars, epidemics) gave rise to mystical moods among the people. To separate sorcery from ordinary healing, a special term was created - WITCH, he singled out "black" healers who used treatment methods (hypnosis, magical actions, spells) not recognized by Christianity.
Tell me what will happen in the future
and we will know (YADA) that you are gods,
or do something good
Is it bad that we should be amazed and together
seen with you
Isaiah 41:23:
A witch is “one who owns secret information”, a character of magic (a woman engaged in witchcraft and magic), an image (folk fiction) is described in ethnographic literature, is found in almost every European epic. The idea of witches and sorceresses, obviously, took shape in prehistoric times and is associated with the division of labor, the man was engaged in hunting, the woman was gathering various herbs. In the course of numerous experiments with herbs and minerals, a specialization emerged - witchcraft (witchcraft), where women were represented in the absolute majority. Healers (witches) were respected and feared, having experienced medical knowledge, a “witch” could cure or kill a person and an animal unnoticed by others (poisons, narcotic herbs).
1) Brief historical background
In the Middle Ages, with the spread of the Judeo-Christian doctrine, life (health) and death of a person began to belong to God, trained monks-healers were engaged in healing. Women healers (competitors) used methods not recognized in Christianity, intervened in this Divine process, and the church began to persecute folk healers.
* Letter of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to Tula on the prohibition of witchcraft. 1653 Oparina. T. A. An unknown decree of 1653 on the prohibition of witchcraft // Ancient Rus'. Questions of medieval studies. 2002. No. 3 (9). pp. 88-91.
“It happened to us at home that in Tula and in the Tula district, many ignorant people, having forgotten the fear of God, ... keep renounced and heretical and godly books and letters and conspiracies and roots and poisons, and go to sorcerers and soothsayers .... many people are spoiled, and from their spoilage, many people suffer from various diseases and die.
a) The German inquisitors G. Institor (Kramer) and J. Sprenger in 1486 wrote the treatise "Hammer of the Witches", which served as the basis for the trials of the "witches" (the discovery of witchcraft and the procedure of evidence were described). Historians assess the “scale” of this phenomenon in different ways, figures appear - 100,000 trials against witches and from 14,000 to 60,000 executions.
Most likely, the "Witch Hunt" was the result of epidemics, the church was looking for excuses and explanations for outbreaks of the plague - God did not help (the rules of elementary sanitation and hygiene described in the Bible were not followed). They began to look for the culprit on earth, as always, the blow fell on unprotected groups of the population - elderly women involved in medicine and, of course, Jews. "Black Death" (God's punishment) - an epidemic of bubonic plague, swept through Europe in the XIV century (1346, 1361, 1369), claimed the lives of 50 million people (the strongest psychological blow to religiosity), local foci of the plague arose many more times until 1670 year, the total number of deaths from the plague is estimated at 200 million people.
In society, clergy (propagandists and agitators) disseminated mystical (demonic) information about healers through sermons, and in the mass consciousness there was an idea that a woman becomes a “witch” by entering into an agreement with the devil. Religious fanaticism and superstition led to a surge in the 15th-17th centuries. persecution and execution of women who were considered witches, this period in Western Europe went down in history under the name "Witch Hunt".
B) C, the executions of “witches” were noted in Rus', although on a smaller scale, there were practically no doctors (healers) and traditional healers were treated more tolerantly. “For half a year only in Moscow, Fletcher (English envoy 1588-89) managed to witness the burning of two people, but there is reason to believe that there were much more such burnings. The chronicle under 7099 (1590/91) describes the burning of sorcerers in Astrakhan on the orders of Fyodor Ioannovich: “having tortured them, the sovereign ordered them to be burned” ”E.O. Shatsky. Russian Orthodox Church and burning.
http://www.krotov.info/lib_sec/25_sh/sha/shazky.html
In Russian folklore (fairy tale), the area of activity of witches was considered to be hidden sabotage: the ability to take milk from cows, wool from sheep, eggs from poultry and lard from pigs, deprive people of their crops, make them ghouls, send diseases and spoil food. It was assumed that the witch could control the weather: cause hail, drought, etc.
2) Existing etymology and examples of the use of the term
The term "witch" is used only in Russian, Polish, Czech, Ukrainian and Belarusian languages, in this onomastic space since the emergence of statehood, and in some places even earlier (Crimea, Taman), a significant Jewish population has lived.
A) Wiktionary, Witch
Root: -vedʲ-; suffix: -m; ending: a. Meaning - in folk mythology, a sorceress, sorceress, a woman associated with evil spirits.
Etymology according to Max Vasmer
Comes from praslav. forms from which, among other things, originated: Ukr. witch "witch; night butterfly, Belor. Witch, Czech vedma, Polish wiedzma "witch, sorceress". Like Kashubian. wieszcz "ghoul, vampire" is related to Praslav. *vede "I know" (see to know, after all), other Russian. after all, "witchcraft, witchcraft, knowledge."
B) Dictionary of the Russian language of the XI-XVII centuries, Academy of Sciences, M., 1975
* Vdma, sorceress, sorceress. The witches of dishonor have two money according to their trade. Court. Fed. Iv. 1589
* Vdunya, female. to vdun. In Lithuanian cities, the old woman slanders hops, which are brought from Lithuania to our cities. 1632
* Vdati, Vdat to know to have information about something; from the 12th-13th centuries.
C) Letter from Tatishchev to I. D. Schumacher on August 7, 1747
vostlit.info/Texts/Documenty/Russ/XVIII/1740-1760/Tatisev/Pisma_1746_1750/text.htm
“In the translation, although Mr. Volchkov keeps a lot of foreign or Sarmatian rude words to put, such as Belegard about raising children in the position of secretary, he says, and Mr. Volchkov himself admits that in the fable the word witch there is something strange, and in many words the German words are put in the wrong place.
D) Dictionary of the Russian Academy of 1789 - there is no article "witch". Dictionary of the Academy of the Russian 1847 - witch, sorceress, sorceress, evil woman.
E) N. V. Gogol. Viy. 1835
“Glorious was the man Khoma! - said the bell-ringer, when the lame tavern-keeper placed the third mug in front of him. - He was a noble man! And disappeared for nothing.
And I know why he disappeared: because he was afraid. And if he was not afraid, then the witch could not do anything with him. You just need to cross yourself and spit on her very tail, then nothing will happen. I already know all this. After all, in Kyiv all the women who sit in the market are all witches.
3) Generalization and conclusions
So, we have established that the term “witch (vydma)” was recorded in Russian in 1589 in the Sudebnik of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich (son of Ivan the Terrible), obviously existed earlier, but the sources could not be found. There is no historical-linguistic reason to associate the term with the "proto-Slavic" form (according to Max Vasmer). The spread of the term was not “from the people”, but obviously from the language of the church and royal chancellery.
Earlier we considered the term “know” (see Art.) and singled out in it the Hebrew root YAD, YADA ידע, יָדַע to know, to know; forms concepts - skill, knowledge of the matter, etc.
It is obvious that the Hebrew root YADA is also included in the concept of “v + d + yma”, it is advisable to consider the term in connection with the sacred terminology of Hebrew, another sacred language simply does not exist in Judeo-Christianity, Latin, Greek, etc. are translation languages.
4) Hebrew Terminology and Biblical Imagery
IN units an elma-sorceress, usually an elderly woman, who treats people and animals at her own peril and risk, often such activities harmed people, which is noted in the sources. B.S.E. produces a word from the verb to know (to know), a number of researchers are of the opinion that the term expresses the idea - "knowing mother".
In Russian domestic life, the mother (grandmother) of the family has long been involved in healing households, she knew and collected various medicinal herbs, made infusions, decoctions and ointments (division of labor within the family). Each woman acquired a certain amount of elementary medical knowledge and was able to treat colds, fractures, burns, infectious diseases, injuries, wounds, and take birth.
A) Terminology
Let's bring the term into a form close to the Hebrew grammar, select the roots ВЪДМА = В+ЪД+ЬМА.
* В+ЪД+ЬМА = В as, in the form (in Hebrew, a fused preposition) + YADA, YIDA יָדַע to know, to know, to be able to, to establish, to determine, to be known, knowledge of the matter + EM, IMA אֵם mother, parent woman, reason, the basis.
The term indicates a woman with the ability to heal (herbal medicine, hypnosis, etc.), she can make a "diagnosis" of the patient, find out the cause of the disease and determine the methods of treatment; initially - mutual assistance of women during childbirth.
Explanation. ESBE
In the old Russian statutory letter: “the sign Ъ, Ер ... meaning a very short (“deaf”) indefinite vowel, the pronunciation of which has not been precisely established ... Some suggest Ъ = й (short and), others - short o”; er b meant the sound "E".
* Witch
В+EDUNIA = a similar term in biblical Hebrew - YIDONI יִדְעוֹני sorcerer, predictor of the future, sorcerer, magician, magician; the root of the word is YADA, as in "v + food + um".
“The Bible mentions three kinds of necromancy: אוב - “about”, יִדְעוֹני - “idoni” and המתים אל דרש
- "addressing the dead", and the first two are always mentioned together. The exact designation of these two words, as well as the etymology of the first, has not yet been elucidated” (see EEBE, Necromancy).
B) Biblical image
* Ecclesiastes 11:5: "Just as you do not know (YADA) the ways of the wind and how bones are formed in the womb of a pregnant woman, so you cannot know (YADA) the work of God, Who does everything."
* Leviticus 19:31: “Do not turn to those who call the dead, and do not go to magicians (JIDONI), and do not bring yourself to defilement from them. I am the Lord your God."
* 1 Samuel 28:3: “And Samuel died, and all the Israelites mourned for him, and buried him in Ramah, in his city. Saul expelled magicians and fortune-tellers (IIDONI) from the country.
Thus, after conducting a study, we established the lower time limit for the appearance of the term "witch" (1589) in the literature, the conditions for its distribution (through royal decrees), the language of the term (Hebrew) and explained the content of the word. Obviously, the complex socio-political and military conditions of this period (Ivan the Terrible, the oprichnina, wars, epidemics) gave rise to mystical moods among the people. To separate witchcraft from ordinary healing, a special term was formed - “witch”, he singled out “black” healers who used treatment methods (hypnosis, magical actions, spells) not recognized by Christianity.
The term, obviously, was compiled by the method of transliteration (transfer of the word by another alphabet), images and words-concepts were borrowed from biblical literature.
by Notes of the Wild MistressThis word is derived from the ancient Slavic "to know", which means to know. Witches or witches, as a rule, were those women who had certain knowledge that was not available to others.
It is well known that women's intuition is much more developed than that of the representatives of the strong half of humanity. But exactly high level development of this feeling is the factor that makes it possible to gain extensive knowledge about oneself, the world around and other people.
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Only women are able to comprehend the real meaning of phenomena and events in the world. Women, thanks to their intuition, are able to understand much faster how best to behave in a given life situation. And if men are forced to learn the ability to find compromises and negotiate, then the fair sex has such a skill inherent in nature. Women are more closely connected with nature than men; accordingly, it is much easier for them to get in touch with the secret natural forces and learn how best to use them for their own purposes.
A woman knows well about everything related to the creation of the world and nature. And really, there is absolutely nothing wrong with that. Witches did not worship dark forces, because they simply did not believe that they existed.
The basic rule of the witches was: Do no harm. The witches knew much more than the rest, so they could help other people. Sometimes, unfortunately, hidden natural forces were used to harm others. In such cases, the word "witch" took on a negative connotation. This happened after the birth and formation of Christianity, when witches began to be massively destroyed.
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The first mentions of witches are found in the Book of Exodus, in the Pentateuch, and when Moses spoke to the Jews about his Law, he argued that fortune tellers or witches cannot be left alive.
At the same time, the fact that even the Almighty turned to the services of evil sorcerers in order to test Peter and Job in their steadfastness in faith is of great interest.
Historically, the birthplace of witches is considered to be Switzerland. Swiss professor Agostino Paravicini, along with his colleagues, managed to shed some light on the mystery that has surrounded the witches' covens for centuries. Scientists have suggested that the first documented references to noisy gatherings date back to the beginning of the 15th century, and they took place in modern French and Swiss territories. As evidence of their assumptions, researchers cite archival documents that have been preserved in those distant times.
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At the same time, it is necessary to note that there were witches in every country, but they were called differently. So, in particular, "rogans" lived in modern Latvian and Latvian territories. They differed from other witches, according to legend, in that they could turn into any animals, did not drown in water and did not burn in fire. Witches, who are called "ovds", still live in Mari El. It is generally accepted that the "ovds" are engaged in inducing the evil eye and damage, and in addition, they make love lapels and love spells. People, turning to the "widows" for help, sell their souls to dark forces. That is the price for the help of "OVD". "Ovdas" cannot die in peace until such time as they hand over their terrible gift, and they will suffer until they touch the one to whom they can transfer their power. Something similar is happening around the globe. In each place, the witches differ in their specifics.
If we talk about the territory of Rus', then it should be noted that this land is rich in witches. In ancient times, in the villages, most women were familiar with the art of magic. This magic was often good, and was aimed at achieving happiness in marriage, keeping the house from damage and the evil eye, the health of children and a bountiful harvest. Thus, we can say that in Rus' in ancient times, magic was a traditional part of women's life.
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The witches were honored and respected. They came to them for help in a variety of situations. In ancient times, the witches were not perceived as representatives of absolute evil. They healed with herbs and slander, warned about certain events, and gave valuable advice.
However, with the advent of Christianity, everything changed dramatically. A real witch hunt began, they were tracked down and brutally killed. Perhaps it was for this reason that women who possessed secret knowledge became more evil, and began to pass this evil on by inheritance ...
Be that as it may, one thing is obvious - since then, the witches began to be afraid, their curses and the "evil eye" were considered especially terrible.
The extermination of witches acquired the largest scale during the Middle Ages. There were many ways to recognize a witch, and all of them were very sophisticated and cruel. Often the victims were women who suffered from various mental disorders. The category of witches included women with green or multi-colored eyes, with clearly visible birthmarks. As soon as the executioners found some visible defect on the body of the victim, they immediately began to pierce these places with knives or needles. If at the same time the woman did not feel pain or blood did not appear in that place, the woman was recognized as a witch, after which she was immediately put to death.
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There were many trials for those who were suspected of witchcraft. And it wasn't just needles. One of the most sophisticated was considered a "test by flight." Women recognized as witches were led to a high rock and given a broom in their hands. If a woman crashed against a rock (which, in fact, happened), she was recognized as innocent. There was another test, which was particularly cruel, was associated with water. The woman was forced to undress, her legs and arms were tied crosswise, a rope was passed between them and lowered into the water in this position. If a woman drowned, she was, again, found not guilty.
Amulets were used as protection against witches. So that the witch could not enter the house or the courtyard, a candle was placed on the gate, which was consecrated in the church. In addition, harrow teeth or stalks of sharp plants were stuck into the fence, and birch, aspen or maple branches, or nettles were stuck into the door slots. And on the threshold they put knives and other cutting and piercing objects. In addition, people performed certain rituals for protection: they showered the house and barn with poppies, outlined the walls with chalk, drew a circle on the ground with a scythe, painted crosses on the doors. And, of course, they prayed.
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In ancient times, it was customary to believe that the witches activate their secret powers on the days of great church holidays, also during thunderstorms of the full moon and new moon. In Rus', there was an opinion that at this time the witches gathered for their sabbats in order to be energetically nourished. They got to their "destination" on brooms, a poker, pitchforks, a shovel, a mortar, a scythe, horses, wild boars or horse turtles. Sabbaths were held on the so-called "bald" mountains and at crossroads.
It is important to note that the witches instilled fear in people even after own death. People were convinced that witches could not die until the ceiling in their house was taken apart or until their body was covered with calfskin. And since people believed that witches returned to their homes at night, in order to avoid this, they hammered an aspen stake into the coffins of witches and put them face down in the coffin.
Paradoxically, with the development of civilization, witches have not disappeared anywhere. They are also in modern world, however, now they do not wear ritual jewelry and clothes. Unfortunately, modern witches, for the most part, do not do good deeds at all.
Most often, witches and sorcerers can be encountered in churches, paradoxically. And all because they need energy, and it is easiest to get it in the church.
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In fact, witches are very easy to recognize if you know some of the characteristics of their behavior. So, for example, if a witch kneels in a temple, she will definitely cross her legs. They are baptized from bottom to top with the left hand, starting from the abdomen. Leave the temple backwards. This is due to the fact that there are a lot of nerve endings on the back, and the light from the icons simply burns the backs of witches and sorcerers. In addition, in the temple, witches can go around any person counterclockwise and hook them with their hands, and then stand behind their backs and take their energy. If this happened, knowledgeable people say, it is necessary to immediately hit the person who did this with the left hand so that the damage goes back.
In addition to the temple, witches and sorcerers can be found in other places. Many from their own experience know about the "evil eye" that gypsies possess. To protect yourself from them, in no case should you look into the eyes. It is impossible to pick up a trifle on the street, because diseases, spoilage and warts are reduced in this way. If a person has suspicions that he is communicating with an unkind person, you need to hold on to some metal object during a conversation.
If a person has suspicions that damage has been directed at him, dishes break and objects in the house fall by themselves, children often get sick or inexplicable unpleasant phenomena occur and dream bad dreams- it is necessary to carry out a thorough cleaning in the house, carefully inspect all the frames on the door jambs for stuck needles.
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If a person decides to seek help from psychics and magicians, one must do this with great care. Of course, there are people with certain knowledge who can help. But such people do not set tariffs for their services, because they serve God and help people regardless of their financial situation. If huge amounts are demanded for magical rituals, such magicians need to be run away without looking back. The most important thing is to remember that witches do evil to other people, not to make someone feel bad, but simply for their own benefit. They cannot live without it. And may fate save everyone from meeting with such people who, by their actions, contribute to the distortion of the real meaning of the words “witch” or “witch”.