Fabrics for screens made of silk and synthetic threads. Fabrics for screens made of silk and synthetic threads Fabrics for screens made of silk and synthetic threads
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GOST 4403-91
INTERSTATE STANDARD
GENERAL TECHNICAL CONDITIONS
Izlanne official
If you want to help us and speed up the processing of documents, you can always do this by donating a small amount of money to us.
NICK PUBLISHING STANDARDS
UDC 677.494.077: 006.354 Group M98
FABRICS FOR SIEFS MADE OF SILK AND SYNTHETIC THREADS
General technical conditions 4403-91
Fabrics of silk and svathetec threads for sieves. General specifications
OKP 53 7516.53 7556
Date entered 01/01/93
This standard applies to fabrics for sieves. made from silk and synthetic threads.
The requirements of this standard are mandatory. except clause 3.2. which is recommended.
1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Fabrics for screens must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard for technological conditions. according to established order.
Synthetic threads. used for making fabrics. used in the food industry. must be approved for use by state sanitary authorities.
1.2. Main parameters and dimensions
Fabric lla sit lo canvas. made during the weaving process by interweaving one or several systems of warp (longitudinal) and weft (transverse) threads to form a regular structure.
1.2.2. Fabrics must be produced from natural silk threads in accordance with GOST 561$ and synthetic (nylon, polyester and polyamyl monofilaments) according to regulatory and technical documentation.
1.2.3. Fabrics must be produced in a weave: plain (Fig. 1). twill (Fig. 2). openwork (Fig. 3), semi-false openwork (Fig. 4) and combined (Fig. 5).
Lute weave Twill weave
Official publication Reprint of the prohibition
where / the distance between the warp threads at the base of the hole. µm: the largest distance between the two warp threads in the hole. µm: + distance between weft threads. µm. Group of threads. tightly adjacent to each other and leaving no free space.
is considered one thread.
).2.4. Loggery fabrics are produced in pieces. m. no less: from non-synthetic threads: from natural silk.
1.2.5. Natural silk fabrics are washed and finished after weaving. and fabrics made from synthetic threads undergo heat-fixation in cold or boiled water.
1.2.6. Fabrics must be woven with a width of 97 to 165 cm. The nominal width of the fabric is established by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer.
1.3. Characteristic
1.3.1. Fabrics according to physical and melanic indicators. external vices. Semi-dividing into groups must comply with the requirements specified in Re 2.
GOST 4403-91S. 3
Gablina 1
Ali norms
Name of the poisoner wa wary PO Heth from synthetic threads
Grunia A Gruina 5
Deviation from nominal shi-
rins. “#. no more than 2.0 3.0 2. 3.0 Relative deviation in
surface density of og is minimal
but acceptable. He Gore IS. - 109.0 Deviation in the number of
Veretius on Rem. “#. no more than 6.0 154 Ci 154 Relative deviation of average
its size differs from the nominal
nogo. ®, no more than 15.0 25.0 124 20.0)
Maximum deviation
ra of separate holes from the nominal one. “#. no more - - 3..0* 20.0%
* The pokantel is installed for fabrics with the symbol PA and ICH. used in flour milling
noi industry.
n note. Symbol fabrics are given in Appendix G.
Tabliya 2
Razzyvnan nagla ska 1kani lazyelam 9. UM mm. zN_ not less than the surface thickness of the fabric
exactly the same komaikiro
SHOOT Og STAC noe das daspicag
Fabrics from natural
ral silk 3s-47 NM 45-61 -
Synthetic fabrics 3? - tic threads 3-4 - 45-61 -
1.3.2. The elongation at break of a strip of fabric measuring 50 x 200 mm should not be. in propents. no more:
26 for fabrics made of natural silk:
35 for fabrics with synthetic threads of group A:
4A for fabrics made from polyopher threads, pomami threads of group B and fabrics with the symbol “PA” with the number of holes more than 58 per [| cm.
1.3.3. Pulling a strip of fabric measuring 50 x 200 mm along the base at 19 @-th load from the standard one. in percentages. no more:
10.0 for IF fabrics:
9.0 for fabrics of different densities and fabrics with a number of holes not exceeding 58 per cm.
Note. The indicator “strip elongation at 19 “=-th load from the standard” is introduced into force from 01/01/98 and is established for fabrics used in the flour-grinding industry.
S. 3 GOST 4403-91
4. Determination of grade “4.1. Number of external defects on | m? should not exceed that specified in the table. 3.
Table 3
number of vices of the vishiet type. whether fabrics are grulia fabrics
AS natural silk and chietic threads
G. table 4.
4.2. Name and size of appearance defects. bursting into tissues. indicated in
GTablia 4
Nzimsizwani: vice
Tanen cancer size
Pancakes. eat. no more than 3 polyletines. see no more! Dives. see no whiter than Mu Nenzheki and see no more than 4 thickened threads more than 3 cragnoi thread thickness. eat.
no more than 3 tensions of the threads. see no more than 5 spots. cm". no whiter than 3 Berl cutting no more than half-mountain hole size.
m. not whiter: for fabric of group A 1 for fabric of group B 20 The strength of the base. eat. not bales: barking fabrics of group A x ll fabrics of group B 15
Note. Mink fabrics and their definition - according to GOST 2550. TOST 27244 and Appendix 2.
1.3.4.3. The following defects are not allowed in tissues:
earning extraneous benefits;
vices. exceeding the dimensions indicated in the table. 4.
1.3.4.43. Tissue defects. listed in paragraph 1.3.4.3, the manufacturer is subject to increased restrictions. or the location of the defect at the edge is marked with harsh threads or a stamp “B” (notional cut).
The number of cuts or conditional cuts for a conditional length of 40 m should not be more than three.
1.3.4.5. Raw vices: mustaches, rallies. unstretched sections of thread. sagging (for synthetic fabrics), striping. Body stripes are not considered a vice.
1.3.9. Indicators. Characteristic specific properties of each fabric article (minimum surface density, hole sizes, live section coefficient, name and linear density of threads, are presented in appendices Zi 4.
For fabrics of a new range, the indicated indicators must be provided in the technical documentation.
1.43. Marking
1.4.1. A stamp indicating the name of the manufacturer and the number of the technical inspector must be applied to both ends of the piece of fabric.
The stamp should be located along the long side of the fabric cut at a distance of no more than 100 mm from the edge of the cut and the edge of the fabric.
1.4.2. A label is attached to each piece of fabric indicating:
name of the enterprise and manufacturer: its trademark:
fabric names and article numbers:
GOST 4403-91S. 5
numbers and lengths of the piece: number of conventional cuts: groups of fabric: lengths of fabric in the piece. m: release plates: designations of this standard. 1.4.3. Allowed on paper or film. in which a piece of fabric is packaged. tag. or put in pieces indicating the details according to clause 1.4.2. 1.4.4. Transport marking - in accordance with GOST 7000 with the application of handling marks in accordance with GOST 14192 “Keep away from moisture and “Do not handle with hooks”. . Packaging J). The fabric in a piece must be rolled into a roll or folded in meter-long folds. 1.5.2. Each piece of fabric should be folded to the left along the width of the fabric and packed with all
CTOPOIL Bb paper. cellophane or poly lylene film and tied in two places with braid (Fig. 6).
1.3.3. When packing fabric. folded to its full width. the pieces of the piece are left open -
MI. Pieces of fabric with open ends must be completely tied around the piece
1.5.4. Packaging of fabrics for transportation according to GOST 7000. 2. ACCEPTANCE
2.1). Acceptance according to GOST 20566. 2.2. Frequency of non-testing of fabric according to physical-mechanical and physical-chemical indicators
for applicants is established by the manufacturer. 3. TEST METHODS
3.1. Sample selection. according to GOST 20566.
3.2. The quality of fabrics can be assessed by appearance by viewing them with reflected light on a grading table or machine.
3.3. Determination of linear dimensions and surface density according to GOST 31.
3.43. Determination of skew no FOCT 14067.
P. 6 GOST 4403-91
3.5. Determination of the breaking load and elongation at break and elongation at 19th load from a standard according to GOST 3$ with the following completions: when using a tensile testing machine of the “Inetron” type (molel 1026), the speed of movement of the upper clamp is assumed to be 100 mm/min: tests will be carried out on this car without tension load.
The final result of elongation at a 10 “-th load from the standard load is taken to be the highest indicator from the average arithmetic measurements for the warp or weft.
3.6. Determining the linear size of a hole
3.6.1. To determine the linear size of the hole, elementary samples are used. prepared for the determination of discontinuous characteristics.
3.6.2. Equipment For measuring hole parameters, a microscope scope is used.
When tagging. It is allowed to measure the parameters from the holes in a microscope with an ocular micrometer with a precision of 0.01 and mm (depending on the size of the hole in the eye with magnification and the examination of at least 0x tissues with the number of holes being 16 in However, the HF of the remaining tissues.
3.6.3. Newness tests
The size of the holes is determined by measuring three hole parameters (see drawing 3): 1: Li/.
The parameters of the holes for the sieves are measured in groups. located along the elementary sample line in different places. The measurement sites are chosen in this way. so that the warp or weft threads of the entire measurement area are not a continuation of the warp or weft threads.
On each elementary sample, 6 V of sequentially located holes are measured. The total number of holes measured should be 5).
For the final result of measuring parameters /; ri / take the arithmetic mean of all measurements for each parameter.
3.6.4. Processing the results
The linear size of the hole is taken to be the arithmetic average of two to three parameters. Boric. lenition Carry out
GOST 4403-91S.7
The number of holes i G em tissue n, is calculated by the formula
i = OR a =
KIC A, WA, holes on the warp or weft: k.ik number of warp and weft holes in the measured area: Di length of the measured area. mm. on which are located k, and k, a row of lying holes with threads between them. 3.7.4. Processing of results The final measurement result is taken from the arithmetic mean of the warp or weft measurements. The calculation is carried out with an accuracy of 0.1 and is rounded to the nearest integer. 34. Determination of the coefficient of the living section of tissue 3.\.1. The coefficient of the living section of the tissue (A) (the area of the tissue opening) as a percentage is calculated using the formula
where n is the number of holes on Rem: fabric. defined as the product of the number of holes in the pox and the number of holes in the weft;
t 5. Hole area. um? calculated using the formulas Ss. = 1
5, = 0.57 (1, +1) ala whitefish fabrics made of silk threads.
The area of the fabric is equal to | cm?.
Calculations are carried out in percentages accurate to:
(0.01 for fabrics made from synthetic threads:
0.1. for natural silk fabrics.
and rounding is carried out lo:
0. for fabrics made from synthetic threads:
1.0 for fabrics made from natural silk.
3.9. Determination of abrasion resistance
3.9.1. Sample selection
From a spot sample. selected according to GOST 20566. 4 elementary samples of size HO = PO cm are cut.
3.9.2. Equipment
To carry out the test, use the IT-3 device with corunla abrasive made from sandstone grade EB 180 SM 2.
3.9.3. Preparation for testing
Before starting work, the correctness of the instrument readings is checked by testing the test fabric.
Unpretted linen fabric art. 72110 abrasion resistance (300 + M)) niklov. at a pressure of 200 g and a tension of 2 tf.
Passed by testing the control fabric. and also before testing each new elementary sample, abrasive discs must be cleaned of textile dust with a toothbrush or najlak No. 1180 20).
3.9.4. Carrying out the test
The abrasion resistance of the fabric is determined using an IT-3 device. An elementary sample measuring 110 x 10 mm is fixed on a ring-shaped frame. The hoops are installed on the cone
P. 8 GOST 4403-91
device and carefully lift the area in contact with the abrasive blades. in this case, the rod with the ball produces uniform tension on the fabric.
The amount of fabric deflection in millimeters under tension should be approximately Oline-KOBOH for each article of fabric and is controlled on the scale of the device. The fabric tension should be 100 gf.
Abrasion of the elementary sample occurs along the stake-shaped surface of the hoop with two coruncular abrasives. Then, pressure is created between the gaps using rubbing surfaces (elementary sample and casing stone) using a lever and a load weighing 100 g.
The abrasion of the tested elementary sample is carried out by lyry (by exposing the surface of the hoop). In this case, the device automatically turns off, and the counter records the number of pickle turns of the beacon with abrasive blades.
3.9.5. (Zhrabotka re
The indicator “fabric abrasion resistance” is taken as the arithmetic value of the results of four tests. subtracted with the accuracy of a single number.
4. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
4.!. Transportation and storage - according to GOST 7009 with the following changes:
It is allowed, by agreement with the consumer, to transport fabrics in containers or covered vehicles without packaging,
Containers and cars must be lined with paper or cardboard inside.
4.2. All white fabrics are stored in warehouses on pallets or racks, protected from direct sunlight. and at a distance of at least ) m heating devices.
GOST 4403-91S. 9
DESIGNATION OF FABRICS FOR SIEVES
The article number of the Alla sig fabric is designated ALY SB:
gle |] - the number of holes on [it on the warp or weft when producing fabrics with olinak density on the warp and weft: or the number of holes on 19 cm ala weighted fabrics made of natural silk: and! - I. + I, - when making fabrics based on the warp and weft: ge P, - the number of holes in it according to the warp: I, - the number of holes in [cm according to ugk:
U - conventional letter designation of fabric depending on the raw materials and technology used;
B is the nominal width of the fabric, i.e.
When producing ala sit fabrics, the following conventions are used:
N - Thanh made of natural silk. developed using new technology:
K - tulle made of nylon threads:
PA - fabric made from polyamyl threads:
KCh - fabric made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv;
IF - fabric made from kion threads of the Chernigov Pokhv plant using imported weaving technology:
PE - fabric made from polyester threads:
C - fabric is produced on STB machines.
Notes:
1. The absence of a quen inlex in the article Oy indicates. that the fabric is made from natural silk. 2. In the article of pifra fabric. placed after the fabric designation. means the diameter of the line (in microns). used to make fabric.
3. Stitched fabrics are sieve fabrics made from natural silk.
linear density at a constant number of holes.
Example of fabric designation:
Thanh lla sit. made from natural silk threads. with a hole number of 25 in a width of 97:
fabric art. 29747;
Thanh lla sit. made from nylon nylons of the Chernigov PokhV. with the number of holes 19 in Tem and width H/2:
fabric art. (ZACH: I).
S. 10 GOST 4403-91
APPENDIX 2
Information
Terms of vices and their definition
Table 5
Vices of Defined
Earning a Foreign Object Foreign Object. woven into fabric (yarn. fluff.
metal. dersvo it. p.) Tension of separate threads Local defect in the woven thread of warp or woven thread, differing from its neighbors in luster
Pacupoc striping is a tissue defect. characterized by the presence of areas of niten. differences in mucus Wideness of the warp Local defect of the fabric in the nile separation of the warp threads from their non-parallel work in the fabric
Dark stripes Fine defect in the skin in the form of dark palae on the base or VIKN
Konpa mustache threads on panerkhnosli fabric
GOST 4403-91S. AND
APPLICATION
Information
Sieve screens made from natural silk fabrics Table 6
Symbol
Nominshchyin Stonkolk
) Ko poki bone. Um atve re gy. netcranim Persistence of living tissue with less than µm NOT (art. 21
7 45 1140 65 174 Alzhurnoe 71 54 1120 63 45 * 40 50 970 62 450 * 9 43 #40 38 174 "™) SS S10 56 450 " 100) 40 750 SS 450 . and 43,670) 56,174 » Wd 50,650 53 m! . 120 54 ohm) 55 Mi) » 130 50 SK) M) M! » 140 43 SOX) 48 m „ 15 43 VN) S4 174 * 159 54 460 m) SUH) » 160) 48 440 Su 45 „ 170 50 410 48 450 * 180 52 360 45 450 » 19 43 60 48 RU) * 19 7 350 4? 450 * 200 50 39 +H 451 "21 47 310 +4 RU) * 210 42 300 42 45 * 23 42 280 43 260 " 230 49 278 40 45 * as 46 270 48 260 * 249 50 200 aS 45 » 280 52 259 42 45 * 260 AX - - 45 . 2 4h 240 +H su ” UH 43 240 44 au Linen 2 45 23) 47 420) Openwork 4) 43 23) 41 Su lo ac 29H 43 240 41 34 No. 7 m 3N sau Openwork 47 36 ou 35 4h 32) 321 Combined 35H 46 160 32 420 Linen as 39 150 37 Tsu Combined ZN 29 150 Mv YOU Linen 43 35 130 33 174 Combined
S. 12 GOST 4403-91
Coelose SATO TREE
Prizruiostnats
hole size
Kochfrinisit
live section. ©
abraded ¢
Combined Linen Combined Linen Combined Linen Combined Linen Combined Linen Combined Linen Combined Same
n note. Article 71 refers to weighted fabrics with Ta bon holes.
GOST 4403-91 S. 13
MOH SDC spruce blue
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S. 14 GOST 4403-91
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We are working on manual document recognition, but this is titanic work and takes a lot of time.
INTERSTATE STANDARD
GOST 4403-91
Official publication
IPC PUBLISHING HOUSE OF STANDARDS Moscow
INTERSTATE STANDARD
FABRICS FOR SIEFS MADE OF SILK AND SYNTHETIC THREADS
General technical conditions
Fabrics of silk and synthetic threads for sieves. General specifications
OKP 83 7816.83 7856
Date of introduction 01/01/93
This standard applies to screen fabrics made from silk and synthetic threads.
The requirements of this standard are mandatory, except for and. 2.2, which is the recommended one.
1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Fabrics for sieves must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regimes approved in the prescribed manner.
Synthetic threads used to make fabrics used in the food industry must be approved for use by state sanitary inspection authorities.
1.1. Fabrics for screens must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard for technological conditions. according to established order.
1.2.1. Screen fabric is a fabric made by weaving by interweaving one or more systems of warp (longitudinal) and weft (cross) threads to form a regular structure.
1.2.2. Fabrics must be produced from natural silk threads in accordance with GOST 5618 and synthetic (nylon, polyester and polyamide monofilaments) in accordance with regulatory and technical documentation.
1.2.3. Fabrics must be produced in weave: plain (Fig. 1), twill (Fig. 2), openwork (Fig. 3), semi-false openwork (Fig. 4) and combined (Fig. 5).
Plain weave Twill weave
Official publication Reproduction prohibited
© Standards Publishing House, 1991 © IPK Standards Publishing House, 2002
Openwork weave
Semi-false openwork weave
Combined weave
where li is the distance between the warp threads at the base of the hole, µm;
/ 0 - the greatest distance between two warp threads in the hole, µm;
1 y - distance between weft threads, microns.
A group of threads that fit tightly together and leave no free space is considered one thread.
1.2.4. Fabrics must be produced in pieces, m, not less than:
5 - made of synthetic threads;
2 - made of natural silk.
1.2.5. Fabrics made from natural silk are washed and finished after weaving, while fabrics made from synthetic threads are heat-set in raw or boiled form.
1.2.6. Fabrics must be manufactured in widths from 97 to 165 cm. The nominal width of the fabric is established by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer.
1.3. Characteristic
1.3.1. Fabrics according to physical and mechanical parameters, defects in appearance, division into groups must meet the requirements specified in table. 1 and 2.
Table 1
Standards for fabrics | ||||
Indicator name |
made of natural silk |
made of synthetic threads |
||
Deviation from the nominal width, %, no more | ||||
Relative deviation of surface density from the minimum permissible, %, no more | ||||
Deviation in the number of holes per 1 cm, %, no more | ||||
Relative deviation of the average hole size from the nominal, %, no more | ||||
Maximum deviation of the size of individual holes from the nominal one, %, no more |
* The indicator is established for fabrics with the symbol PA and IF used in the flour-milling industry.
Note. The designation of fabrics is given in Appendix 1.
table 2
Type of fabric |
Surface density of fabric, g/m2 |
Breaking load of a fabric strip measuring 50 x 200 mm, daN, not less |
||||
Weave type |
||||||
linen |
twill |
semifalse |
combined |
|||
Fabrics from natural | ||||||
natural silk | ||||||
Synthetic fabrics | ||||||
tic threads | ||||||
1.3.2. The elongation at break of a strip of fabric measuring 50 x 200 mm should be, in percentage, no more than:
26 - for fabrics made of natural silk;
35 - for fabrics made from synthetic threads of group A;
45 - for fabrics made of polyester threads, polyamide threads of group B and fabrics with the symbol “PA” with the number of holes more than 58 per 1 cm.
1.3.3. Elongation of a strip of fabric measuring 50 x 200 mm along the base at 10% load of the standard load, in percentage, no more than:
10.0 - for IF fabrics;
9.0 - for fabrics of different densities and fabrics with the number of holes no more than 58 per 1 cm.
Note. The indicator “strip elongation at 10% load of the standard” comes into force on 01/01/95 and is established for fabrics used in the flour-milling industry.
1.3.4. Determination of grade
1.3.4.1. The number of appearance defects per 1 m2 should not exceed that indicated in the table. 3.
Table 3
Fabric group
Limit number of defects in appearance for fabrics
made of natural silk
made of synthetic threads
1.3.4.2. The name and size of defects in appearance allowed in tissues are indicated in Table. 4.
Table 4
Note. Tissue defects and their definition - according to GOST 25506, GOST 27244 and Appendix 2.
1.3.4.3. The following defects are not allowed in tissues:
earnings of foreign objects;
defects exceeding the sizes indicated in the table. 4.
1.3.4.4. The fabric defects listed in clause 1.3.4.3 are subject to cutting out at the manufacturer, or the location of the defect at the edge is marked with harsh threads or a stamp “B” (notional cutout).
The number of cuts or conditional cuts for a conditional length of 40 m should be no more than three.
1.3.4.5. Raw material defects: whiskers, fraying, unstretched sections of thread, sagging (for synthetic fabrics), striping, body stripes are not considered a defect.
1.3.5. Indicators characterizing the specific properties of each fabric article (minimum surface density, hole sizes, live section coefficient, name and linear density of threads) are provided in Appendices 3 and 4.
For fabrics of a new range, the specified indicators must be provided in the technical documentation.
1.4. Marking
1.4.1. A stamp indicating the name of the manufacturer and the number of the technical inspector must be applied to both ends of the piece of fabric.
The stamp should be located with its long side along the cut of the fabric at a distance of no more than 100 mm from the edge of the cut and the edge of the fabric.
1.4.2. A label is attached to each piece of fabric indicating:
name of the manufacturer; its trademark;
fabric names and article numbers;
number and length of the piece; number of conditional cuts; fabric groups; length of fabric in a piece, m; release dates;
symbols of this standard.
1.4.3. It is allowed to attach a label or put a stamp on the paper or film in which a piece of fabric is packaged, indicating the details by and. 1.4.2.
1.4.4. Transport marking - in accordance with GOST 7000 with the application of handling signs in accordance with GOST 14192 - “Keep away from moisture” and “Do not handle with hooks”.
1.5. Package
1.5.1. The fabric in the piece must be rolled or folded into meter-long folds.
1.5.2. Each piece of fabric should be folded in half along the width of the fabric and packed on all sides in paper, cellophane or plastic film and tied in two places with braid (Fig. 6).
1.5.3. When packing fabric folded to its full width, the ends of the piece are left open.
Pieces of fabric with open ends must be additionally tied along the piece (Fig. 7).
1.5.4. Packaging of fabrics for transportation - according to GOST 7000.
2. ACCEPTANCE
2.1. Acceptance - according to GOST 20566.
2.2. The frequency of fabric testing for physical-mechanical and physical-chemical parameters is established by the manufacturer.
3. TEST METHODS
3.1. Sampling - according to GOST 20566.
3.2. Checking the quality of fabrics according to appearance carried out by viewing them in reflected light on a rejecting table or machine.
3.3. Determination of linear dimensions and surface density - according to GOST 3811.
3.4. Determination of skew - according to GOST 14067.
3.5. Determination of breaking load and elongation at break and elongation at 10% load from the standard - according to GOST 3813 with the following additions: when using an Instron-type tensile testing machine (model 1026), the speed of movement of the upper clamp is 100 mm/min; The tests are carried out on this machine without a pre-tension load.
The final result of elongation at 10% load from the standard is taken as the worst indicator from the average arithmetic measurements for the warp or weft.
3.6. Determining the linear size of a hole
3.6.1. To determine the linear size of a hole, elementary samples prepared for determining tensile characteristics are used.
3.6.2. Equipment
A micro-macro projector is used to measure the parameters of the hole.
Note. It is allowed to measure the parameters of the holes on a microscope with an ocular micrometer with a division value of 0.01 and 0.001 mm (depending on the size of the holes in the fabric for sieves) and with an image magnification of at least 50x for tissues with the number of holes up to 16 per 1 cm and at least 200x for other fabrics.
3.6.3. Carrying out the test
The size of the holes is determined by measuring three hole parameters (see Figure 3): / 0 ; /, And /.
The parameters of the holes for the sieves are measured in groups located along the length of the elemental sample in different places. The measurement locations are chosen in such a way that the warp or weft threads of one measurement location are not a continuation of the warp or weft threads of another.
On each elementary sample, 6-8 sequentially located holes are measured. The total number of holes to be measured should be 50.
For the final result of measuring parameters / o; /, and / take the arithmetic mean of all measurements for each parameter.
3.6.4. Processing the results
The arithmetic mean of two or three parameters is taken as the linear size of the hole. The calculation is carried out with an accuracy of 0.1 microns.
3.7. Determining the number of holes per 1 cm of fabric
3.7.1. Determination of the number of holes per 1 cm of fabric is carried out on samples taken to determine the tensile characteristics.
3.7.2. Equipment
A micro-macro projector is used to determine the number of holes per 1 cm of tissue.
3.7.3. On each strip of fabric prepared for determining the tensile characteristics, using a micro-macro projector, measure the length along the warp L 0 and along the weft L, on which there are 15 rows of adjacent threads along with holes between them (Fig. 8).
O/ o g a 5 o % a 6 a 7 % %%
P
PG&P U
T:
P
The number of holes per 1 cm of fabric n 0 is calculated by the formula
n 0 = -j- or P = -g±, b o b y
where n 0 and n y - the number of holes per 1 cm along the warp or weft;
k 0 and k y - the number of warp or weft holes in the measured area;
L 0 and L y - the length of the measured section, mm, on which adjacent holes with threads between them are located at 0 and at y.
3.7.4. Processing the results
The final measurement result is taken as the arithmetic mean of all measurements on the warp or weft.
The calculation is carried out with an accuracy of 0.1 and rounded to the nearest whole number.
3.8. Determination of tissue coefficient of live section
3.8.1. The tissue open section coefficient (F c) (fraction of the tissue opening area) as a percentage is calculated using the formula
^с = 7^-100 = %b^
where n is the number of holes per 1 cm 2 of fabric, defined as the product of the number of holes in the warp and the number of holes in the weft;
5 0TV - area of one hole, µm 2, calculated using the formulas
^res = 0’5/ y (/ 0 + /,) - for sieve fabrics made of silk threads;
S - tissue area equal to 1 cm 2.
Calculations are carried out in percentages accurate to:
0.01 - for fabrics made of synthetic threads;
0.1 - for fabrics made of natural silk,
and rounding is carried out to:
0.1 - for fabrics made of synthetic threads;
1.0 - for fabrics made of natural silk.
3.9. Determination of abrasion resistance
3.9.1. Sample selection
From a point sample selected according to GOST 20566, 4 elementary samples measuring 110 x 110 cm are cut.
3.9.2. Equipment
To carry out the test, an IT-3 device with corundum abrasive made from EB 180 SM 2 emery stone is used.
3.9.3. Preparing for the test
Before starting work, the accuracy of the instrument readings is checked by testing a control fabric.
Untreated linen fabric art. should be taken as a control fabric. 72110 abrasion resistance (300 ± 50) cycles, at a pressure of 200 gf and a tension of 200 gf.
Before testing the control fabric, as well as before testing each new elementary sample, the abrasive discs must be cleaned of textile dust with a toothbrush or sandpaper No. 180-200.
3.9.4. Carrying out the test
The abrasion resistance of fabric is determined using an IT-3 device. An elementary sample measuring 110 x 110 mm is fixed on a ring-shaped hoop. The hoop is installed on a cone
device and carefully lift it until it comes into contact with the abrasive discs, while the rod with the ball produces uniform tension on the fabric.
The amount of fabric deflection in millimeters under tension should be approximately the same for each article of fabric and is controlled on the scale of the device. The fabric tension should be 100 gf.
Abrasion of the elementary sample occurs along the ring-shaped surface of the hoop with two corundum abrasives. Then pressure is created between the rubbing surfaces (elementary sample and emery stone) using a lever and a load weighing 100 gf.
The abrasion of the tested elementary sample is carried out until there is a hole (until the surface of the hoop is exposed somewhere). In this case, the device automatically turns off, and the counter records the number of cycles and revolutions of the runner with abrasive discs.
3.9.5. Processing the results
The indicator “fabric abrasion resistance” is taken as the arithmetic mean of the results of four tests, calculated to the nearest whole number.
4. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
4.1. Transportation and storage - according to GOST 7000 with the following changes:
It is allowed, by agreement with the consumer, to transport fabrics in containers or
covered vehicles without packaging;
Containers and cars must be lined with paper or cardboard inside.
4.2. Fabrics for sieves are stored in warehouses on pallets or racks, protected from direct sunlight, and at a distance of at least 1 m from heating devices.
DESIGNATION OF FABRICS FOR SIEVES
The article number of fabric for sieves is designated PU/V; where P is the number of holes per 1 cm in the warp or weft when producing fabrics with the same density in the warp and weft; or the number of holes per 10 cm for weighted natural silk fabrics; and P = P 0 + Pu - when producing fabrics of different densities in warp and weft; where P 0 is the number of holes per 1 cm along the base;
P u - number of holes in 1 cm along the weft;
U - conventional letter designation of fabric depending on the raw materials and technology used;
B - nominal fabric width, cm.
When producing fabrics for sieves, the following conventions are used:
N - fabric made of natural silk, produced using new technology;
K - fabric made of nylon threads;
PA - fabric made of polyamide threads;
KCh - fabric made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv;
PCh - fabric made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv plant using imported weaving technology;
PE - fabric made from polyester threads;
C - fabric is produced on STB type machines.
Notes:
1. The absence of a letter index in the article means that the fabric is made from natural silk.
2. In the fabric article, the number placed after the letter designation of the fabric indicates the diameter of the fishing line (in microns) used to produce the fabric.
3. Weighted fabrics are sieve fabrics made from natural silk of greater linear density with a constant number of holes.
An example of a fabric symbol:
fabric for sieves, made from natural silk threads, with a number of holes of 25 per 1 cm and a width of 97:
fabric art. 25/97;
fabric for sieves, made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv, with the number of holes 19 per 1 cm and a width of 102:
fabric art. 19KCH/102.
APPENDIX 2 Information
Terms of vices and their definition
Table 5
APPENDIX 3 Information
Screen fabrics made from natural silk fabrics
Table 6
Nominal hole size, microns |
Live section coefficient, % |
Weave |
|||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
Continuation of the table. 6
Symbol of screen fabric (article) |
Surface density, g/m 2, not less |
Nominal hole size, microns |
Live section coefficient, % |
Abrasion resistance, cycles, not less |
Weave |
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combinero |
|||||
Note. Article 71 refers to weighted fabrics with 7 holes per 1 cm.
APPENDIX 4 Information
Table 7
Screen fabrics made from synthetic threads
Symbol of screen fabric (article) |
Live section coefficient, |
Weave type |
||||
NK Mono 100 (300) |
NK Mono 100 (300) |
Polotnyanoye |
||||
NK Mono 50 (200) |
NK Mono 50 (200) | |||||
NK Mono 513 (240) |
NK Mono 51.3 (240) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (150) |
NK Mono 20 (150) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (130) |
NK Mono 20 (130) | |||||
NK Mono 50 (200) |
NK Mono 50 (200) | |||||
NK Mono 51.3 (240) |
NK Mono 51.3 (240) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (150) |
NK Mono 20 (150) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (130) |
NK Mono 20 (130) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (150) |
NK Mono 20 (150) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (130) |
NK Mono 20 (130) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (150) |
NK Mono 20 (150) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (130) |
NK Mono 20 (130) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (150) |
NK Mono 20 (150) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (130) |
NK Mono 20 (130) | |||||
NK Mono 7.2 (90) |
NK Mono 7.2 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 10 (90) |
NK Mono 10 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 7.2 (90) |
NK Mono 7.2 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 12.8 (120) |
NK Mono 12.8 (120) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (150) |
NK Mono 20 (150) | |||||
NK Mono 20 (130) |
NK Mono 20 (130) | |||||
NK Mono 10 (90) |
NK Mono 10 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 7.2 (90) |
NK Mono 7.2 (90) |
GOST 4403-91 S. 13
Conditional designation |
Surface density, g/m, not less |
Nominal hole size, microns |
Coefficient JSHSHGP SACHANIA |
Name of raw materials and nominal linear density of the thread, tex (diameter, microns) |
Weave type |
|
screen fabric (item) |
/Shshli vvivfni/i) | |||||
NK Mono 12.8 (120) |
NK Mono 12.8 (120) |
Polotnyanoye |
||||
NK Mono 7.2 (90) |
NK Mono 7.2 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 10 (90) |
NK Mono 10 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 12.8 (120) |
NK Mono 12.8 (120) | |||||
NK Mono 7.2 (90) |
NK Mono 7.2 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 10 (90) |
NK Mono 10 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 12.8(120) |
NK Mono 12.8(120) | |||||
NK Mono 7.2 (90) |
NK Mono 7.2 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 10.8 (90) |
NK Mono 10.8 (90) | |||||
NK Mono 6.7 (87) |
NK Mono 6.7 (87) | |||||
NK Mono 12.8 (120) |
NK Mono 12.8 (120) | |||||
NK Mono 6.7 (87) |
NK Mono 6.7 (87) | |||||
NK Mono 5 (75) |
NK Mono 5 (75) | |||||
NK Mono 4 (67) |
NK Mono 4 (67) | |||||
NK Mono 4 (67) |
NK Mono 4 (67) | |||||
NK Mono 3.3 (61) |
NK Mono 3.3 (61) | |||||
NK Mono 2.2 (50) |
NK Mono 2.2 (50) | |||||
NK Mono 2.2 (50) |
NK Mono 2.2 (50) | |||||
NPam Mono 103 (340) |
NPam Mono 103 (340) | |||||
NPam Mono 80 (300) |
NPam Mono 80 (300) | |||||
NPam Mono 65 (270) |
NPam Mono 65 (270) | |||||
NPam Mono 65 (270) |
NPam Mono 65 (270) | |||||
NPam Mono 51.3 (240) |
NPam Mono 51.3 (240) | |||||
NPam Mono 51.5 (240) |
NPam Mono 51.5 (240) | |||||
NPam Mono 51.3 (240) |
NPam Mono 51.3 (240) |
14 GOST 4403-91
Conditional designation |
Surface density, g/m, not less |
Nominal hole size, microns |
Coefficient H/TSHLGL LATTAitt |
Name of raw materials and nominal linear density of the thread, tex (diameter, microns) |
Weave type |
|
screen fabric (item) |
ZHISH1) 1S4SNIA, | |||||
NPam Mono 51.6 (240) |
NPam Mono 51.6 (240) |
Polotnyanoye |
||||
NPam Mono 35.7 (200) |
NPam Mono 35.7 (200) | |||||
NPam Mono 51.6 (240) |
NPam Mono 51.6 (240) | |||||
NPam Mono 35.7 (200) |
NPam Mono 35.7 (200) | |||||
NPam Mono 28.9 (180) |
NPam Mono 28.9 (180) | |||||
NPam Mono 20 (150) |
NPam Mono 20 (150) | |||||
NPam Mono 12.8 (120) |
NPam Mono 12.8(120) | |||||
NPam Mono 12.9 (120) |
NPam Mono 12.9(120) | |||||
NPam Mono 12.8(120) |
NPam Mono 12.8 (120) | |||||
NPam Mono 12.9(120) |
NPam Mono 12.9 (120) | |||||
NPam Mono 12.8(120) |
NPam Mono 12.8 (120) | |||||
NPam Mono 6.7 (86)/ /NPam Mono 3.3 (60) |
NPam Mono 6.7 (86) |
Half-false |
||||
NPam Mono 5.7 (80) | ||||||
NPam Mono 4.4 (70) |
NPam Mono 4.4 (70) |
Polotnyanoye |
||||
NPam Mono 5.6 (80) |
Half-false |
|||||
NPam Mono 3.3 (60) |
NPam Mono 3.3 (60) |
Polotnyanoye |
||||
NPam Mono 5.7 (80)/ /NPam Mono 2.2 (50) |
NPam Mono 3.3 (60) |
Half-false |
||||
NPam Mono 3.3 (60) |
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
NPam Mono 2.2 (50) |
NPam Mono 2.2 (50) | |||||
NPam Mono 4.4 (71)/ /NPam Mono 2.2 (50) |
NPam Mono 3.3 (60) |
Half-false |
||||
NPam Mono 3.3 (60)/ /NPam Mono 1.7 (43) | ||||||
NPam Mono 2.2 (50) |
NPam Mono 2.2 (50) |
Polotnyanoye |
||||
GOST 4403-91 S. 15
Symbol of screen fabric (article) |
Surface density, g/m, not less |
Nominal hole size, microns |
Live score coefficient |
Name of raw materials and nominal linear density of the thread, tex (diameter, microns)
Weave type
NPam Mono 3.3 (60)/ /NPam Mono 1.7 (43) NPam Mono 2.2 (50) NPam Mono 3.3 (60)/ /NPam Mono 1.7 (43) Also
NPam Mono 3.3 (60)/ /NPam Mono 1.7 (43) NPam Mono 2.2 (50) NPam Mono 2.2 (50)/ /NPam Mono 1.7 (50) NPam Mono 2.2 ( 50) Too
Note. The designation is ethereal.
names of raw materials letters mean:
NPam Mono 1.7 (43) Also
NPam Mono 1.2 (37) Also
NPam Mono 1.1 (35) NPam Mono 0.8 (30) NPef Mono 11.1 (90) NPef Mono 6.7 (80) NPef Mono 3.3 (55) NPef Mono 2.5 (48) NPef Mono 1.7 (40) NPef 1.7 (40)
NPef 1.3 (34)
Nylon NK thread;
NPam Mono 2.2 (50)
NPam Mono 2.2 (50) Also
NPam Mono 2.2 (50) Also
NPam Mono 2.2 (50)
NPam Mono 2.2 (50) Also
NPam Mono 1.7 (43) Also
Half-false
Polotnyanoye
Half-false
Polotnyanoye
Half-false
Polotnyanoye
Half-false
Polotnyanoye
NPam Mono 1.1 (35)
NPam Mono 0.8 (30)
NPef Mono 11.1 (90)
NPef Mono 6.7 (80)
NPef Mono 3.3 (55)
NPef Mono 2.5 (48)
NPef Mono 1.7 (40)
NPef 1.7 (40)
NPef 1.3 (34)
NPam - polyamide thread; NPef - poly thread
Twill
Polotnyanoye
Twill
16 GOST 4403-91
INFORMATION DATA
1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the State Committee for Light Industry under the State Planning Committee of the USSR
2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Product Quality Management and Standards dated June 27, 1991 No. 1109
3. INSTEAD GOST 4403-77, OST 17-46-82
4. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
Item number
GOST 3811-72 GOST 3813-72 GOST 5618-80 GOST 7000-80 GOST 14067-91 GOST 14192-96 GOST 20566-75 GOST 25506-82 GOST 27244-93
5. REPUBLICATION. November 2001
Editor T.P. Shashina Technical editor O.N. Vlasova Corrector E.D. Dulneva Computer layout O.V. Arseeva
Ed. persons No. 02354 dated July 14, 2000. Delivered for recruitment on November 28, 2001. Signed for publication on January 11, 2002. Uel. oven l. 2.32. Academician-ed.l. 1.70.
Circulation 155 copies. C 3411. Zak. 39.
IPK Standards Publishing House, 107076, Moscow, Kolodezny per., 14. e-mail: Typed at the Publishing House on a PC
Branch of IPK Standards Publishing House - type. "Moscow Printer", 103062, Moscow, Lyalin lane, 6.
GOST
4403-91
Fabrics of silk and synthetic
threads for sieves.
General specifications
OKP 83 7816, 83 7856
Date of introduction 01/01/93
This standard applies to screen fabrics made from silk and synthetic threads.
The requirements of this standard are mandatory, except for clause 2.2, which is recommended.
1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Fabrics for sieves must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regimes approved in the prescribed manner.
Synthetic threads used to make fabrics used in the food industry must be approved for use by state sanitary inspection authorities.
1.2. Main parameters and dimensions
1.2.1. Screen fabric is a fabric made by weaving by interweaving one or more systems of warp (longitudinal) and weft (cross) threads to form a regular structure.
1.2.2. Fabrics must be produced from natural silk threads in accordance with GOST 5618 and synthetic (nylon, polyester and polyamide monofilaments) in accordance with regulatory and technical documentation.
1.2.3. Fabrics must be produced in weave: plain (Fig. 1), twill (Fig. 2), openwork (Fig. 3), semi-false openwork (Fig. 4) and combined (Fig. 5).
(WITH) Standards Publishing House, 1992 Real the standard cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated or distributed without the permission of the USSR State Standard
S. 2 GOST 4403-91
Plain weave
Twill weave
With
d
P __til
With
P
3
technical specifications
-st
Crap. 1
Crap. 2
Openwork weave
Semi-false openwork weave
G
1
1
h
»
L
1
And
Crap. 3
Crap. 4
GOST 4403-91 S. 3
Combined weave
La
Crap. 5
Where 1\
- distance between warp threads at the base of the hole, microns; 1„
- the greatest distance between two warp threads in
holes, µm; / y - distance between weft threads, microns.
A group of threads that fit tightly together and leave no free space is considered one thread.
1.2.4. Fabrics must be produced in pieces, no less than m: 5 - from synthetic threads;
2 - made of natural silk.
1.2.5. Fabrics made from natural silk are washed and finished after weaving, while fabrics made from synthetic threads are heat-set in raw or boiled form.
1.2.6. Fabrics must be manufactured in widths from 97 to 165 cm. The nominal width of the fabric is established by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer.
1.3. Characteristic
1.3.1. Fabrics according to physical and mechanical parameters, defects in appearance, division into groups must meet the requirements specified in table. 1 and 2.
2 Zak. 2113
S. 4 GOST 4403-91
TableI
Standards for fabric!
made of natural silk
made of synthetic threads
Group A
Group B
Group A
Group B
Deviation from nominal
width, %> no more than Relative deviation
2, 0
3, 0
2,
0
3, 0
surface density
ity from the minimum permissible, %, no more
_
15, 0
_
10,
0
Quantity deviation
vu of holes per 1 cm, %, no more Relative deviation
6, 0
15, 0
8, 0
15, 0
decrease in average hole size from nominal, %, no more
15, 0
25, 0
12, 0
20,
0
Maximum deviation
changing the size of individual
versions from the nominal, %, no more
-
.--
20, 0*
20, 0*
* The indicator is established for fabrics with the conventional designation PA and IF used in the flour-milling industry.
Note. The designation of fabrics is given in Appendix 1.
table 2
Breaking load of piloskha fabric size 50X200 mm, daN, but mssheo
Type of fabric
Govorkhnost-
nary density
fabric, g/m 2
Weave type
linen
twill
and nurnos
semi-false openwork
combined
Natural silk fabrics
Fabrics made from synthetic threads
Up to 37 38-47 48-61
Up to 37 38-47 48-61 62-99
St. 100
16 20
19
25 35 50
80
25 30
24 30 45
16.
210
27 29
37
1.3.2. The elongation at break of a strip of fabric measuring 50 X X 200 mm should be, in percentage, no more than: 26 - for fabrics made of natural silk;
GOST 4403-91 WITH, 5
35 - for fabrics made from synthetic threads of group A;
45 - for fabrics made of polyester threads, polyamide threads of group B and fabrics with the symbol “PA” with the number of holes more than 58 per 1 cm.
1.3.3. Elongation of a strip of fabric measuring 50X200 mm along the base at 10% load of the standard load, in percentage, no more than:
10, 0 - for IF fabrics;
9, 0 - for fabrics of different densities and fabrics with the number of holes no more than 58 per 1 cm.
Note. The indicator “strip elongation at 10% load of the standard” comes into force on 01/01/95 and is established for fabrics used in the flour-milling industry.
1.3.4.Determination of grade
1.3.4.1. The number of appearance defects per 1 m2 should not exceed that indicated in the table. 3.
Table 3.
Limit number of vices
external guide, for woven
Fabric group
came from natural! A
made of synthetic threads
A B
8 15
13
1.3.4.2. The name and size of external defects allowed in tissues are indicated in the table. 4.
Table 4
Name of the vice
Size of tissue defect
Twins, see, no more
Underbraids, cm, no more
Dives, cm, no more
Undercuts and nicks, cm, no more
Thickened threads more than 3 times the thickness of the thread, cm, no more
Tension of individual threads, cm, no more
Spots, cm 2, no more
Cutting with a reed is no more than one and a half hole sizes, cm, no more:
for fabrics of group A
for fabrics of group B
Fracture of the base, cm, no more:
for fabrics of group A
for fabrics of group B
Note. Tissue defects and their definition - 27244 and Appendix 2.
10
4
10
20
8
15
By GOST 25506, GOST
WITH
6 GOST 4403-91
1.3.4.3. The following defects are not allowed in fabrics: foreign objects;
holes;
defects exceeding the sizes indicated in the table. 4.
1.3.4.4. The fabric defects listed in clause 1.3.4.3 are subject to cutting out at the manufacturer, or the location of the defect at the edge is marked with harsh threads or a stamp “B” (notional cutout).
The number of cuts or conditional cuts for a conditional length of 40 m should be no more than three.
1.3.4.5. Raw material defects: whiskers, fraying, unstretched sections of thread, sagging (for synthetic fabrics), striping, body stripes are not considered a defect.
1.3.5. Indicators characterizing the specific properties of each fabric article (minimum surface density, hole sizes, live section coefficient, name and linear density of threads) are provided in Appendices 3 and 4.
For fabrics of a new range, the specified indicators must be provided in the technical documentation.
1.4. Marking
1.4.1. A stamp indicating the name of the manufacturer and the number of the technical inspector must be applied to both ends of the piece of fabric.
The stamp should be located with its long side along the cut of the fabric at a distance of no more than 100 mm from the edge of the cut and the edge of the fabric.
1.4.2.A label is attached to each piece of fabric indicating:
name of the manufacturer; its trademark;
fabric names and article numbers;
number and length of the piece;
number of conditional cuts;
fabric groups;
length of fabric in a piece, m-;
release dates;
retail price 1 m;
symbols of this standard.
1.4.3. It is allowed to attach a label to the paper or film in which the piece of fabric is packaged, or put a stamp indicating the details according to clause 1.4.2.
1.4.4. Transport marking - in accordance with GOST 7000 with the application of handling marks in accordance with GOST 14192 - “Afraid of dampness” and “Do not handle directly with hooks.”
1.5. Package
1.5.1. The fabric in the piece must be rolled or folded into meter-long folds.
GOST 4403-91 C, 7
1.5.2. Each piece of fabric should be folded in half along the width of the fabric and packed on all sides in paper, cellophane or plastic film and tied in two places with braid (Fig. 6),
Crap. 6
1.5.3. When packing fabric folded to its full width, the ends of the piece are left open.
Pieces of fabric with open ends must be additionally tied along the piece (Fig. 7).
Crap. 7
1.5.4. Packaging of fabrics for transportation - according to GOST 7000.
2. ACCEPTANCE
2.1. Acceptance - according to GOST 20566.
2.2. The frequency of fabric testing for physical-mechanical and physical-chemical parameters is established by the manufacturer.
3. TEST METHODS
3.1. Sampling - according to GOST 20566.
3.2. Checking the quality of fabrics by appearance is carried out by viewing them in reflected light on a rejecting table or machine.
3.3. Determination of linear dimensions and surface density - according to GOST 381 1.
P. 8 GOST 4403-91
3.4. Determination of skew - according to GOST 14067.
3.5. Determination of breaking load and elongation at break and elongation at 10% load from the standard - according to GOST 3813 with the following additions: when using an Instron-type tensile testing machine (model 1026), the speed of movement of the upper clamp is 100 mm/min; The tests are carried out on this machine without a pre-tension load.
The final result of elongation at 10% load from the standard is taken as the worst indicator from the average arithmetic measurements for the warp or weft.
3.6. Determination of the linear size of a hole
3.6.1. To determine the linear size of a hole, elementary samples prepared for determining tensile characteristics are used.
3.6.2. Equipment
A micro-macro projector is used to measure the parameters of the hole.
Note. It is allowed to measure the parameters of the holes on a microscope with an ocular micrometer with a division value of 0.01 and 0.001 mm (depending on the size of the holes in the fabric for sieves) and with an image magnification of at least 50 v for tissues with the number of holes up to 16 in 1 cm and at least 2Y0X for other fabrics.
3.6.3. Carrying out the test
The size of the holes is determined by measuring three hole parameters (see Fig. 3): l 0 ; U and/u.
The parameters of the holes for the sieves are measured in groups located along the length of the elemental sample in different places. Measurement locations 1 are selected so that the warp or weft threads of one measurement location are not a continuation of the warp or weft threads of another.
On each elementary sample, 6-8 sequentially located holes are measured. The total number of holes to be measured should be 50.
For the final result of measuring parameters / 0; h and / y take the arithmetic mean of all measurements for each parameter.
3.6.4.
Processing the results
The arithmetic mean of two or three parameters is taken as the linear size of the hole. The calculation is carried out with an accuracy of OD µm.
3.7. Determining the number of holes per 1 cm of fabric
3.7.1. Determination of the number of holes per 1 cm of fabric is carried out on samples taken to determine the tensile characteristics. ,
GOST 4403-91 S. 9
3.7.2. Equipment
A micro-macro projector is used to determine the number of holes per 1 cm of tissue.
3.7.3. On each strip of fabric prepared for determining the tensile characteristics, using a micro-macro projector, measure the length along the warp L, and along the weft L y, on which there are 15 rows of adjacent threads along with holes between them (Fig. 8).
Number of holes per 1 cm of fabric n 0 calculated by the formula
10k about 1°%
P 0 = , OR AND y = -:----- ,
L 0
Ly
where l „i p y- the number of holes per 1 cm along the warp or weft; Ko and k y - the number of warp or weft holes in the measured area; b 0 And L y- length of the measured section, mm, on which adjacent holes with threads between them are located to 0 and Ku.
3.7.4.Processing the results
The final measurement result is taken as the arithmetic mean of all measurements on the warp or weft.
The calculation is carried out with an accuracy of 0.1 and rounded to the nearest whole number.
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Crap. 8
S. 10 GOST 4403-91
3.8. Determination of the coefficient of the living section of tissue
3.8.1. Tissue section coefficient (F s)(proportion of fabric hole area) as a percentage is calculated using the formula
With~~ S-10 8 " IUU ~ 1Q6 -
Where P- the number of holes per 1 cm 2 of fabric, defined as the product of the number of holes in the warp and the number of holes in the weft;
p=p 0 -p y
Sotb. - area of one hole, µm 2, calculated using the formulas
5otv=0.5/у(/о +/1) - for sieve fabrics made of silk threads;
5 - fabric area equal to 1 cm 2.
Calculations are carried out in percentages accurate to:
0.01 - for fabrics made of synthetic threads;
0, 1 - for fabrics made of natural silk,
and rounding is carried out to:
0, 1 - for fabrics made of synthetic threads;
1, 0 - for fabrics made of natural silk.
3.9. Determination of abrasion resistance
3.9.1. Sample selection
From a point sample selected according to GOST 20566, 4 elementary samples measuring 110x110 cm are cut.
3.9.2.
Equipment
To carry out the test, an IT-3 device with corundum abrasive made from EB 180 SM 2 emery stone is used.
3.9.3. Preparing for the test
Before starting work, the accuracy of the instrument readings is checked by testing a control fabric.
Untreated linen fabric art. should be taken as a control fabric. 72110 abrasion resistance (300 ± 50) cycles, at a pressure of 200 gf and a tension of 200 gf.
Before testing the control fabric, as well as before testing each new elementary sample, the abrasive discs must be cleaned of textile dust with a toothbrush or sandpaper No. 180-200.
3.9.4. Carrying out the test
The resistance of fabric to abrasion is determined using a device like IT-3. An elementary sample measuring 110X110 mm is fixed on a ring-shaped hoop. The hoop is installed on surf cone
GOST 4403-91 S. II
pa and carefully lift until it comes into contact with the abrasive discs, while the rod with the ball produces uniform tension on the fabric.
The amount of fabric deflection in millimeters under tension should be approximately the same for each article of fabric and is controlled on the scale of the device. The fabric tension should be 100 gf.
The abrasion of the elementary sample occurs along the ring-shaped surface of the hoop using two corundum images. Then pressure is created between the rubbing surfaces (elementary sample and emery stone) using a lever and a load weighing 100 gf.
The abrasion of the tested elementary sample is carried out until there is a hole (until the surface of the hoop is exposed somewhere). In this case, the device automatically turns off, and the counter records the number of cycles of the runner with abrasive discs.
I.9.5. Processing the results
-, and the indicator“fabric abrasion resistance” is taken as the arithmetic average of the results of four tests, calculated to the nearest whole number.
4. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
4.1. Transportation and storage - according to GOST 7000 with the following changes:
It is allowed, by agreement with the consumer, to transport fabrics in containers or covered vehicles without packaging;
Containers and cars must be lined with paper or cardboard inside.
4.2. Fabrics for sieves are stored in warehouses on pallets or racks, protected from direct sunlight and at a distance of at least 1 m from heating devices.
WITH. 12 GOST 4403-91
APPENDIX 1 Recommended
DESIGNATION OF FABRICS FOR SIEVES
The article number of fabric for sieves is designated PU/V; where P is the number of holes per 1 cm in the warp or weft when producing fabrics with the same density in the warp and weft; or the number of holes per 10 cm for weighted natural silk fabrics; and P = P 0 + P y - when producing fabrics of different densities in the warp and weft; where P 0 is the number of holes per 1 cm along the base; Pu - the number of holes in 1 cm along the weft; U is the conventional letter designation of the fabric depending on the raw materials and technology used; B is the nominal width of the fabric, cm.
When producing fabrics for sieves, the following symbols are used: N - fabric made of natural silk, produced using new technology; K - fabric made of nylon threads; PA - fabric made of polyamide threads; KCh - fabric made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv;
PCh - fabric made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv plant using imported weaving technology; PE - fabric made from polyester threads; C - fabric is produced on STB type machines.
Notes:
1. The absence of a letter index in the article means that the fabric is made from natural silk.
2. In the fabric article, the number placed after the letter designation of the fabric indicates the diameter of the fishing line (in microns) used to produce the fabric.
3. Weighted fabrics are sieve fabrics made from natural silk of greater linear density with a constant number of holes.
Example of fabric designation:
fabric for sieves, made from natural silk threads, with 25 holes per 1 cm and a width of 97:.
fabric art. 25/97; fabric for sieves, made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv, with the number of holes 19 per 1 cm and a width of 102:
fabric art. 19KCH/102.
GOST 4403-91 WITH. 13
APPENDIX 2 Information
Terms of vices and their definition
Table 5
Vices
Definition
Earnings of a foreign object
Tension of individual threads
streakiness
Broken base
Dark streaks
Foreign object woven into fabric (yarn, fluff, metal, wood, etc.)
Local defect in fabric in the form of a woven warp or weft thread that differs from its neighbors in shine
A common defect in fabric characterized by the presence of sections of threads that differ in whiteness
Local fabric defect in the form of warp threads moving apart due to their non-parallel working in the fabric
Local fabric defect in the form of dark stripes along the warp or weft
The ends of the threads on the surface of the fabric
S. 14 GOST 4403-91
APPENDIX 3 Information
Screen fabrics made from natural silk fabrics
Tableb
Conditional
Resistance to
designation
Surface
Nominal
Coefficient
abrasion,
sieve fabric-
naya density,
hole size
lively: About the section-
cycles, not ma-
Weave
neither (article)
g/m 2, not less
sty, µm
nia, %
her
7
45
1140
65
175
Openwork
71
54
1120
63
450
»
80
50
970
62
450
»
9
43
840
58
175
,
»
90
55
810
56
450
»
100
50
750
58
450
»
11
43
670
56
175
»
BY
50
650
54
500
»
120
53
600
55
500
»
130
50
540
50
500
»
140
52
500
48
500
>
15
43
490
54
175
»
150
54
460
50
500
»
160
48
440
50
450
»
170
50
410
48
450
»
180
52
360
45
450
»
19
43
360
48
200
»
190
47
350
47
450
»
200
50
320
44
450
»
21
47
310
44
200
»
210
52
300
42
"
450
»
23
42
280
43
260
»
230
49
275
40
45"
»
25
46
270
48
260
»
240
50
260
38
450
»
250
52
250
42
450
»
260
53
-
,
-
450
»
27
48
240
44
310
»
27N
43
240
44
310
Polotnyanoye
2v0
48
220
47
420
Openwork
29
43
220
41
310
Same
29N
43
220
41
310
Polotnyanoye
32
47
200
38
310
Openwork
32N
47
200
36
310
Polotnyanoye
35
48
160
32
320
Combined
35N
46
160
32
320
Polotnyanoye
38
.
39
150
37
180
Combined
38N
29
150
37
180
Polotnyanoye
43
35
130
33
175
Combined
GOST 4403-91 S. 15
Continuation of the table. 6
Symbol of sieve fabric (article)
Surface density, g/m g, but less
Nominal hole size, µm
Live section coefficient, °i
Abrasion resistance, cycles, no less
Weave
43N
35
130
33
175
Polotnyanoye
46
35
120
32
175
Combined
46N
35
120
32
175
Polotnyanoye
49
35
BY
30
175
Combined
49N
35
BY
30
175
Polotnyanoye
52
38
105
28
150
Combined
52N
38
105
28
150
Polotnyanoye
55
30
100
33
120
Combined
55N
25
100
33
120
Polotnyanoye
58
29
95
35
120
Combined
* 58N
27
95
35
120
Polotnyanoye
61
33
90
35
120
Combined
61N
28
90
28
120
Polotnyanoye
64
34
85
28
120
Combined
67
27
80
32
120
"
Same
70
29
75
30
120
.
»
73
30
70
26
120
>
76
31
65
25
120
»
Note. Article 71 refers to weighted fabrics with 7 holes per 1 cm.
Screen fabrics made from synthetic threads
Conditional
Over-
Nominal-
Coefficient
thread size, text
(diameter, microns)
designation
density,
size from-
live section
screen fabric
(vendor code)
g/m2, not
versions,
nia, %
less
µm
basics
duck
7K
125
1093
58,
5
NK Mono 300 (300)
NK Mono 100 (3
8K
78
1013
65, 6
NK Mono 50 (200)
NK Mono 50 (2
9K
87
874
62, 0
Same
Same
yuk
90
763
58,
2
»
»
PC
BY
677
54,
6
»
»
pkchs
120
669
54, 2
NKMono 51.3 (240)
NKMono 51, 3 (2
13KChS
55
619
64,
8
NK Mono 20 (150)
NKMono 20 (150
13K
45
619
64, 5
NKMono 20 (130)
NKMono 20 (130
12K
120
596
51, 2
NK Mono 50 (200)
NK Mono 50 (2O0
12KChS
135
593
50, 7
NKMono 51, 3 (240)
NK Mono 51, 3 (2
14KChS
61
564
62,
4
NKMono 20 (150)
NKMono 20 (150
14K
50
564
62, 3
NK Mono 20 (130)
NKMono 20" (130
15KChS
63
517
60,
0
NKMono 20 (1, 50)
NKMono 20 (150
15K
50
517
60, 1
NKMono 20 (130)
NK Mono 20 (130
16KChS
68
475
57, 8
NKMono 20 (150)
NKMono 20 (150
I6K
55
475
57, 8
NKMono 20 (130)
NK Mono 20 (130
17KChS
73
438
55,
5
NK Mono 20 (150)
NKMono 20 (150
17K
60
438
55, 5
NKMono 20 (130)
NKMono 20 (130
19KCH
26
436
68, 5
NK Mono 7, 2 (90)
NK Mono 7, 2 (90
19K
35
420
63,
7
NK Mono 10 (90)
NKMono 10 (90
20KCH
27
410
67, 0
NK Mono 7, 2 (90)
NK Mono 7, 2 (90
19KChS
50
406
59, 6
NK Mono 12, 8 (120)
NK Mono 12, 8 (1
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Name of raw materials and nominal linear pl
Conditional
Over-
Nominal-
Co ef4 and -
threads, tex
(diameter, microns)
designation
density,
hole size,
living patient
screen fabric
(vendor code)
g/m 2, not less
µm
sections,
basics
duck
73K
30
93
41,
5
NK Mono 2, 2 (50)
NK Mono 2, 2 (
76K
30
82
48, 9
Same
Same
6.5ПЧ-340
147
1180
59, 0
NPam Mono 103 (340)
NPam Mono 10
7.5ПЧ-340
154
1000
58,
0
Same
Same
8ПЧ-30О
139
950
57,
5
NPam Mono 80 (300)
NPam Mono 8
8.7ПЧ-ЗО0
140
850
56, 0
Same
Same
9.3ПЧ-270
133
800
55, 0
NPam Mono 65 (270)
NPam Mono 6
Yu.ZPCH-270
142
710
55,
0
NPam Mono 65 (270)
NPam Mono 6
PPCH-240
120
670
53, 0
NPam Mono 51, 3 (240)
NPam Mono 51
12PCh-240
133
600
51,
0
NPam Mono 51, 5 (240)
NPam Mono 5
12.5ПЧ-240
135
560
50, 0
NPam Mono 51.3 (240")
NPam Mono 5
13.3ПЧ-240
148
512
46,
3
NPam Mono 51, 6 (240)
NPam Mono 5
14ПЧ-20О
111
500
49, 5 .
NPam Mono 35, 7 (200)
NPam Mono 3
14PCh-240
151
474
43,
8
NPam Mono 51, 6 (240)
NPam Mono 5
15.5ПЧ-200
122
450
48, 0
NPam Mono 35, 7 (200)
NPam Mono 3
16PCh-200
127
425
46, 25
Same
Same
17.5ПЧ-180
111
390
47, 0
NPam Mono 28, 9 (180)
NPam Mono 2
18, 5ПЧ-180
116
363
47, 25
Same
Same
19.5ПЧ-150
90
355
47, 5
NPam Mono 20 (150)
NPam Mono
20, 2ПЧ-150
91
335
46, 0
Same
Same
2ShchCh-150
93
315
44,
0
»
»
22.7ПЧ-150
98, 4
300
46,
5
»
»
24.7ПЧ-150
109
265
43,
0
>
»
27PCh-120
74
250
46,
0
NPam Mono 12, 8 (120)
NPam Mono 1
27PA-120
73
250
46, 0
NPam Mono 12, 9 (120)
NPam Mono 1
29PA-120
.80
224
42, 5
Same
Same
29PCh-120
79
224
42, 5
NPam Mono 12, 8 (120)
NPam Mono 1
ZOPA-120
82
212
41,
0
NPam Mono 12, 9 (120)
NPam Mono 12
ZOPCH-120
82
212
41, 0
NPam Mono 12, 8 (120)
NPam Mono 1
Name of raw materials and nominal linear p
Conditional
Over-
Nominal-
Coefficient
threads, tex (diameter, microns)
designation
density,
size
living patient
screen fabric
(vendor code)
g/m2, not
holes,
sections,
less
µm
.0
basics
duck
33/36 PA
47
220
47, 5
NPam Mono 6, 7 (86)/ /NPam Mono 3, 3 (60)
NPam Mono 6
36/40PA
49
180
46,
0
Same
NPam Mono 5
43PA-70
40
163
49,
0
NPam Mono 4, 4 (70)
NPam Mono 4
41/43PA
48
160
45, 5
NPam Mono 5, 7 (80)/ /NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
NPam Mono 5
46PA-60
30
157
52, 3
NPam Mono 3, 3 (60)
NPam Mono 3
42/48PA "
38
150
45,
5
NPam Mono 5, 7 (80)/ /NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
NPam Mono 3
49PA-60
31
144
49, 7
NPam Mono 3, 3 (60)
Same
52PA-50
22
142
54, 6
NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
"NPam Mono 2
45/50PA
38
140
44,
5
NPam Mono 4, 4 (71)/ /NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
NPam Mono 3
49/52"PA
35
132
44, 25
NPam Mono 3, 3 (60)/ /NPam Mono 1, 7 (43)
Same
55PA-5!)
24
130
52, 5
NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
NPam Mono 2
58PA-50
26
122
47, 5
Same
Same
52/60PA
30
118
43, 5
NPam Mono 3, 3 (60)/ /NPam Mono 1, 7 (43)
Same
61PA-50
26
114
48, 3
NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
NPam Mono
54/62PA
31
112
41, 75
NPam Mono 3, 3 (60)/ /NPam Mono 1, 7 (43)
Same
56/64PA
34
106
40, 25
Same
Same
64PA-50
28
106
46, 2
NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
Same
58/67CA
35
100
38, 5
NPam Mono 3, 3 (60/ /NPam Mono 1, 7 (43)
NPam Mono
67PA-50
28
99
44, 0
"NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
Same
G.1/69PA
33
95
38, 0
NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)/ /NPam Mono 1, 7 (50)
NPam Mono
Name of raw materials and nominal linear pl
Meaningful designation
Superficial
density,
Nominal size
Live coefficient
threads, tex
(diameter, microns)
screen fabric
(vendor code)
g/m a, not
holes,
sections,
less
µm
%
basics
duck
70PA-50
31
93
42,
3
NPam Mono 2, 2 (50)
NPam Mono 2,
71PA-50
31
93
42, 3
Same
Same
73PA-50
30
87
40,
0
»
»
76PA-50
32
82
39,
0
>
>
78PA-50
36
78
37,
1
>
»
81PA-50
37
74
35,
6
»
»
87PA-43
30
72
39, 2
NPam Mono 1, 7 (43)
NPam Mono 1, 7
84PA-43
31
70
39, 0
Same
Same
90PA-43,
30
67
36,
4
»
>
100PA-43
30
56
31,
4
»
>
120PA-37
32
46
30,
9
NPam Mono 1, 2 (37)
NPam Mono 1, 2
140PA-37
35
37
27, 0
Same
Same
160PA-35
37
29
22, 0
NPam Mono 1, 1 (35)
NPam Mono 1,
180PA-30
32
26
21,
9
NPam Mono 0.8 (30)
NPam Mono 0.8
38PE-90
72
173
40, 9
NPefMono 11, 1 (90)
NPefMono 11
45PE-80
68
142
40, 9
NPef Mono 6, 7 (80)
NPef Mono 6, 7
76PE-55
54
84
40, 5
NPef Mono 3, 3 (55)
NPef Mono 3, 3
90PE-48
50
62
38,
4
NPef Mono 2, 5 (48)
NPef Mono 2.5
100PE-40
36
57
32, 5
NPef Mono 1, 7 (40)
NPef Mono 1, 7
120PE-4O
40
46
30,
6
NPef 1, 7 (40)
NPef 1, 7 (40)
140PE-34
38
35
24, 0
NPef 1, 3 (34)
NPef 1, 3 (34)
Note. In the designation of the name of the raw material, the letters mean: polyamide thread; NPef - polyester thread.
NK
GOST 4403-91 S. 21
1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the State Committee for Light Industry under the USSR State Planning Committee
DEVELOPERS
L. I. Gandurin, R. A. Princeva (topic leader); T. V. Lo-mokhova
2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Product Quality Management and Standards dated June 27, 1991 No. 1109
3. Date of the first inspection - 1997. Inspection frequency - 5 years.
4. INSTEAD GOST 4403-77, OST 17-46-82
5. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
Designation of the referenced technical document
Item number
GOST 3811-^72
3.3
GOST 3813-72
3.5
GOST 5618-80
1.2.2
GOST 7000-80
1.4.4, 4.1
GOST 14067-75
3.4
GOST 14192-77
1.4.4
GOST 20566-75
3.1
GOST 25506-82
1.3.4.2
GOST 27244-87
State standard of the USSR GOST 4403-91
"FABRICS FOR SIEVEES FROM SILK AND SYNTHETIC THREADS. GENERAL TECHNICAL CONDITIONS"
Fabrics of silk and synthetic threads for sieves.
General specifications
Instead of GOST 4403-77, OST 17-46-82
This standard applies to screen fabrics made from silk and synthetic threads.
The requirements of this standard are mandatory, except for clause 2.2, which is recommended.
1. Technical requirements
1.1. Fabrics for sieves must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to technological regimes approved in the prescribed manner.
Synthetic threads used to make fabrics used in the food industry must be approved for use by state sanitary inspection authorities.
1.1. Fabrics for screens must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard for technological conditions. according to established order.
1.2.1. Screen fabric is a fabric made by weaving by interweaving one or more systems of warp (longitudinal) and weft (cross) threads to form a regular structure.
1.2.2. Fabrics must be produced from natural silk threads in accordance with GOST 5618 and synthetic (nylon, polyester and polyamide monofilaments) in accordance with regulatory and technical documentation.
1.2.3. Fabrics must be produced in weave: plain (Fig. 1), twill (Fig. 2), openwork (Fig. 3), semi-false openwork (Fig. 4) and combined (Fig. 5).
where l 1 is the distance between the warp threads at the base of the hole, µm;
l o - the greatest distance between two warp threads in the hole, µm;
l y - distance between weft threads, microns.
A group of threads that fit tightly together and leave no free space is considered one thread.
1.2.4. Fabrics must be produced in pieces, m, not less than:
5 - made of synthetic threads;
2 - made of natural silk.
1.2.5. Fabrics made from natural silk are washed and finished after weaving, while fabrics made from synthetic threads are heat-set in raw or boiled form.
1.2.6. Fabrics must be manufactured in widths from 97 to 165 cm. The nominal width of the fabric is established by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer.
1.3. Characteristic
1.3.1. Fabrics according to physical and mechanical parameters, defects in appearance, division into groups must meet the requirements specified in table. 1 and 2.
Table 1
Indicator name |
Standards for fabrics |
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made of natural silk |
made of synthetic threads |
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Deviation from the nominal width, %, no more | ||||
Relative deviation of surface density from the minimum permissible, %, no more | ||||
Deviation in the number of holes per 1 cm, %, no more | ||||
Relative deviation of the average hole size from the nominal, %, no more | ||||
Maximum deviation of the size of individual holes from the nominal one, %, no more |
______________________________
* The indicator is established for fabrics with the symbol PA and IF used in the flour-milling industry.
Note. The designation of fabrics is given in Appendix 1.
table 2
Type of fabric |
Surface density of fabric, g/m2 |
Breaking load of a fabric strip measuring 50X200 mm, daN, not less |
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Weave type |
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linen |
twill |
semi-false openwork |
combined |
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Natural silk fabrics | ||||||
Fabrics made from synthetic threads | ||||||
1.3.2. The elongation at break of a strip of fabric measuring 50X200 mm should be, in percentage, no more than:
26 - for fabrics made of natural silk;
35 - for fabrics made from synthetic threads of group A;
45 - for fabrics made of polyester threads, polyamide threads of group B and fabrics with the symbol "PA" with the number of holes more than 58 per 1 cm.
1.3.3. Elongation of a strip of fabric measuring 50X200 mm along the base at a 10% load of the standard load, in percentage, no more than:
10, 0 - for IF fabrics;
9, 0 - for fabrics of different densities and fabrics with the number of holes no more than 58 per 1 cm.
Note. The indicator “strip elongation at 10% load of the standard” comes into force on 01/01/95 and is established for fabrics used in the flour-milling industry.
1.3.4. Determination of grade
1.3.4.1. The number of appearance defects per 1 m2 should not exceed that indicated in the table. 3.
Table 3
1.3.4.2. The name and size of defects in appearance allowed in tissues are indicated in Table. 4.
Table 4
Name of the vice |
Size of tissue defect |
Twins, see, no more | |
Underbraids, cm, no more | |
Dives, cm, no more | |
Undercuts and nicks, cm, no more | |
Thickened threads more than 3 times the thickness of the thread, cm, no more | |
Tension of individual threads, cm, no more | |
Spots, cm2, no more | |
Cutting with a reed no more than one and a half hole sizes, cm, no more: | |
for fabrics of group A | |
for fabrics of group B | |
Fracture of the base, cm, no more: | |
for fabrics of group A | |
for fabrics of group B |
Note. Tissue defects and their definition - according to GOST 25506, GOST 27244 and Appendix 2.
1.3.4.3. The following defects are not allowed in tissues:
earnings of foreign objects;
defects exceeding the sizes indicated in the table. 4.
1.3.4.4. The fabric defects listed in clause 1.3.4.3 are subject to cutting out at the manufacturer, or the location of the defect at the edge is marked with harsh threads or a stamp “B” (notional cutout).
The number of cuts or conditional cuts for a conditional length of 40 m should be no more than three.
1.3.4.5. Raw material defects: whiskers, fraying, unstretched sections of thread, sagging (for synthetic fabrics), striping, body stripes are not considered a defect.
1.3.5. Indicators characterizing the specific properties of each fabric article (minimum surface density, hole sizes, live section coefficient, name and linear density of threads) are provided in Appendices 3 and 4.
For fabrics of a new range, the specified indicators must be provided in the technical documentation.
1.4. Marking
1.4.1. A stamp indicating the name of the manufacturer and the number of the technical inspector must be applied to both ends of the piece of fabric.
The stamp should be located with its long side along the cut of the fabric at a distance of no more than 100 mm from the edge of the cut and the edge of the fabric.
1.4.2. A label is attached to each piece of fabric indicating:
name of the manufacturer; its trademark;
fabric names and article numbers;
number and length of the piece;
number of conditional cuts;
fabric groups;
length of fabric in a piece, m;
release dates;
retail price 1 m;
symbols of this standard.
1.4.3. It is allowed to attach a label or put a stamp on the paper or film in which a piece of fabric is packaged, indicating the details according to clause 1.4.2.
1.4.4. Transport marking - in accordance with GOST 7000 with the application of handling marks in accordance with GOST 14192 - "Afraid of dampness" and "Do not handle directly with hooks."
1.5. Package
1.5.1. The fabric in the piece must be rolled or folded into meter-long folds.
1.5.2. Each piece of fabric should be folded in half along the width of the fabric and packed on all sides in paper, cellophane or plastic film and tied in two places with braid (Fig. 6).
1.5.3. When packing fabric folded to its full width, the ends of the piece are left open.
Pieces of fabric with open ends must be additionally tied along the piece (Fig. 7).
1.5.4. Packaging of fabrics for transportation - according to GOST 7000.
2. Acceptance
2.1. Acceptance - according to GOST 20566.
2.2. The frequency of fabric testing for physical-mechanical and physical-chemical parameters is established by the manufacturer.
3. Test methods
3.1. Sampling - according to GOST 20566.
3.2. Checking the quality of fabrics by appearance is carried out by viewing them in reflected light on a rejecting table or machine.
3.3. Determination of linear dimensions and surface density - according to GOST 3811.
3.4. Determination of skew - according to GOST 14067.
3.5. Determination of breaking load and elongation at break and elongation at 10% load from the standard - according to GOST 3813 with the following additions: when using an Instron-type tensile testing machine (model 1026), the speed of movement of the upper clamp is 100 mm/min; The tests are carried out on this machine without a pre-tension load.
The final result of elongation at a 10% load from the standard is taken to be the worst indicator of the arithmetic average measurements for the warp or weft.
3.6. Determining the linear size of a hole
3.6.1. To determine the linear size of a hole, elementary samples prepared for determining tensile characteristics are used.
3.6.2. Equipment
A micro-macro projector is used to measure the parameters of the hole.
Note. It is allowed to measure the parameters of the holes on a microscope with an ocular micrometer with a division value of 0.01 and 0.001 mm (depending on the size of the holes in the fabric for sieves) and with an image magnification of at least 50 X for tissues with the number of holes up to 16 in 1 cm and not less 200 X for other fabrics.
3.6.3. Carrying out the test
The size of the holes is determined by measuring three hole parameters (see Figure 3): l o ; l 1 and l y.
The parameters of the holes for the sieves are measured in groups located along the length of the elemental sample in different places. The measurement locations are chosen in such a way that the warp or weft threads of one measurement location are not a continuation of the warp or weft threads of another.
On each elementary sample, 6-8 sequentially located holes are measured. The total number of holes to be measured should be 50.
For the final result of measuring the parameters l o ; l 1 and l y take the arithmetic mean of all measurements for each parameter.
3.6.4. Processing the results
The arithmetic mean of two or three parameters is taken as the linear size of the hole. The calculation is carried out with an accuracy of 0.1 microns.
3.7. Determining the number of holes per 1 cm of fabric
3.7.1. Determination of the number of holes per 1 cm of fabric is carried out on samples taken to determine the tensile characteristics.
3.7.2. Equipment
A micro-macro projector is used to determine the number of holes per 1 cm of tissue.
3.7.3. On each strip of fabric prepared for determining the tensile characteristics, using a micro-macro projector, measure the length along the warp L o and along the weft L y, on which there are 15 rows of adjacent threads along with holes between them (Fig. 8).
The number of holes per 1 cm of fabric n o is calculated by the formula
where n o and n y are the number of holes per 1 cm along the warp or weft;
k o and k y - the number of warp or weft holes in the measured area;
L o and L y - the length of the measured section, mm, on which adjacent holes with threads between them are located to o and to y.
3.7.4. Processing the results
The final measurement result is taken as the arithmetic mean of all measurements on the warp or weft.
The calculation is carried out with an accuracy of 0.1 and rounded to the nearest whole number.
3.8. Determination of tissue coefficient of live section
3.8.1. The tissue open section coefficient (F c) (fraction of the tissue opening area) as a percentage is calculated using the formula
,
where n is the number of holes per 1 cm 2 of fabric, defined as the product of the number of holes in the warp and the number of holes in the weft;
S hole - area of one hole, µm 2, calculated using the formulas
S answer =l o ·l y ,
S hole =0.5l y (l o +l 1) - for sieve fabrics made of silk threads;
S - tissue area equal to 1 cm 2.
Calculations are carried out in percentages accurate to:
0.01 - for fabrics made of synthetic threads;
0, 1 - for fabrics made of natural silk,
and rounding is carried out to:
0, 1 - for fabrics made of synthetic threads;
1, 0 - for fabrics made of natural silk.
3.9. Determination of abrasion resistance
3.9.1. Sample selection
From a point sample selected according to GOST 20566, 4 elementary samples measuring 110X110 cm are cut.
3.9.2. Equipment
To carry out the test, an IT-3 device with corundum abrasive made from EB 180 SM 2 emery stone is used.
3.9.3. Preparing for the test
Before starting work, the accuracy of the instrument readings is checked by testing a control fabric.
Untreated linen fabric art. should be taken as a control fabric. 72110 abrasion resistance (300±50) cycles, at a pressure of 200 gf and a tension of 200 gf.
Before testing the control fabric, as well as before testing each new elementary sample, the abrasive discs must be cleaned of textile dust with a toothbrush or sandpaper N 180-200.
3.9.4. Carrying out the test
The abrasion resistance of fabric is determined using an IT-3 device. An elementary sample measuring 110X110 mm is fixed on a ring-shaped hoop. The hoop is placed on the cone of the device and carefully raised until it comes into contact with the abrasive discs, while the rod with the ball produces uniform tension on the fabric.
The amount of fabric deflection in millimeters under tension should be approximately the same for each article of fabric and is controlled on the scale of the device. The fabric tension should be 100 gf.
The abrasion of the elementary sample occurs along the ring-shaped surface of the hoop using two corundum images. Then pressure is created between the rubbing surfaces (elementary sample and emery stone) using a lever and a load weighing 100 gf.
The abrasion of the tested elementary sample is carried out until there is a hole (until the surface of the hoop is exposed somewhere). In this case, the device automatically turns off, and the counter records the number of cycles and revolutions of the runner with abrasive discs.
3.9.5. Processing the results
The arithmetic average of the results of four tests, calculated to the nearest whole number, is taken as the indicator “fabric abrasion resistance”.
4. Transportation and storage
4.1. Transportation and storage - according to GOST 7000 with the following changes:
It is allowed, by agreement with the consumer, to transport fabrics in containers or covered vehicles without packaging;
Containers and cars must be lined with paper or cardboard inside.
4.2. Fabrics for sieves are stored in warehouses on pallets or racks, protected from direct sunlight and at a distance of at least 1 m from heating devices.
Designation of fabrics for sieves
The article number of fabric for sieves is designated PU/V;
where P is the number of holes per 1 cm in the warp or weft when producing fabrics with the same density in the warp and weft; or the number of holes per 10 cm for weighted natural silk fabrics;
and P = P o + P y - when producing fabrics of different densities in the warp and weft;
where P about is the number of holes in 1 cm along the base;
P u - number of holes in 1 cm along the weft;
U - conventional letter designation of fabric depending on the raw materials and technology used;
B - nominal fabric width, cm.
When producing fabrics for sieves, conventions are used;
N - fabric made of natural silk, produced using new technology;
K - fabric made of nylon threads;
PA - fabric made of polyamide threads;
KCh - fabric from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv;
PCh - fabric made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv plant using imported weaving technology;
PE - fabric made from polyester threads;
C - fabric is produced on STB type machines.
Notes:
1. The absence of a letter index in the article means that the fabric is made from natural silk.
2. In the fabric article, the number placed after the letter designation of the fabric indicates the diameter of the fishing line (in microns) used to produce the fabric.
3. Weighted fabrics are sieve fabrics made from natural silk of greater linear density with a constant number of holes.
Example of fabric designation:
fabric for sieves, made from natural silk threads, with a number of holes of 25 per 1 cm and a width of 97:
fabric art. 25/97;
fabric for sieves, made from nylon threads of the Chernigov Pokhv, with the number of holes 19 per 1 cm and a width of 102:
fabric art. 19KCH/102.
Appendix 2
Information
Terms of vices and their definition
Table 5
Definition |
|
Earnings of a foreign object |
Foreign object woven into fabric (yarn, fluff, metal, wood, etc.) |
Tension of individual threads |
Local defect in fabric in the form of a woven warp or weft thread that differs from its neighbors in shine |
Striping |
A common defect in fabric characterized by the presence of sections of threads that differ in whiteness |
Broken base |
Local fabric defect in the form of warp threads moving apart due to their non-parallel working in the fabric |
Dark streaks |
Local fabric defect in the form of dark stripes along the warp or weft |
The ends of the threads on the surface of the fabric |
Appendix 3
Information
Screen fabrics made from natural silk fabrics
Table 6
Symbol of screen fabric (article) |
Surface density, g/m2, not less |
Nominal hole size, microns |
Live section coefficient, % |
Abrasion resistance, cycles, not less |
Weave |
Polotnyanoye |
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Polotnyanoye |
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Polotnyanoye |
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Combined |
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Polotnyanoye |
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Combined |
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Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combined |
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Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combined |
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Polotnyanoye |
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Combined |
|||||
Polotnyanoye |
|||||
Combined |
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Polotnyanoye |
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Combined |
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Polotnyanoye |
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Combined |
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Polotnyanoye |
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Combined |
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Polotnyanoye |
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Combined |
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Note. Article 71 refers to weighted fabrics with 7 holes per 1 cm.