Runes of the 21st century in contact. The magical art of the ancient Scandinavians
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[email protected] “ ParisMassageDomicile “ +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 1. Analyze the modern interpretation of the meaning of runic magic 2. Show the modern use of runic magic and find ways to spread runic art in the 21st century 3. Analyze and summarize the information received 4. Draw conclusions confirming or refuting the goal 5. Make a conclusion This is feasible with the simultaneous use of such research methods as, in fact, the study itself, comparison and analysis. Based on the goal, we can conclude that the object of research is the magical art of the ancient Scandinavians, and more specifically, the subject of research is the runic signs themselves and runic magic in general. But before talking about what is the difference between modern use and the true purpose of runic magic, it is necessary to clarify what the Scandinavian runes themselves are. Chapter 1 "Ancient Magical Signs". The concept of "runic sign". Adequate perception of the meaning of runic magic The word "rune" itself is not at all translated as "letter" or "sign". It means "secret" or "mystery". The runes operate in a certain world to which we are closed. Closed by the habit of words, formulations, descriptions, diagrams, models. The runes belong to a completely different layer of existence, which, oddly enough, is in us, around us, below us and above us. When a person gets acquainted with the runes, he opens the gates of perception for the energies of this world. Runes are a magical tool for evoking the Forces and communicating with them. Just as one should not spit on an icon or run in front of the altar, one should also treat runes with the utmost respect. And there were good reasons for that. The experience of our ancestors confirms the power of runic skills. It should be taken into account that the runes really connect a person with the supermundane Forces. The more serious, calmer, more respectful we treat them, the more reliable the answers of the runes. There has to be something ritualistic about the runes, something very intimate and cultural. Otherwise, the runes do not work. This is where the requirement comes from that the runes must be made by one's own hands, in a certain atmosphere, and no more than one rune per day. Runes must be treated as a priceless treasure, because they do not forcibly offer themselves to a person. They never prove themselves. If you are not ready to accept the runes, they simply will not work for you. The ancients took the mantic systems very seriously, which were unambiguously considered sacred. The origin of the runic sign Some historians argue that the runes originated in the Teutonic tribes of Northern Europe in the 5th century. BC e. Others suggest that the runes originated much later, in northern Italy, and are derived from the Latin alphabet. There is an opinion that they were invented by the Vikings in the VIII century. n. e. But although the views of scientists differ on the issue of the origin of runic writing, most agree that the runes were used by pagan tribes in the vast expanse of Northern Europe. In the myths of the Elder and Younger Edda, the runes are presented not as a human invention, but as something already existing, waiting only to be discovered and released. The poem "Havamal" (the name means "Song of the High") from the "Elder Edda" tells how Odin, in an attempt to do something valuable for people, acquired the runes that were revealed to him as a gift to humanity from the unusual reality of shamanic experience. The runes provided a means of gaining knowledge about the secret forces of nature and the processes that underlie being. They expanded perception beyond the physical senses, allowing them to "see" the Spirit with their inner vision and "hear" the inaudible. The following poetic passage about Odin's experience is taken from the Poetic Edda (c. 1200 CE), translated from Old Norse: I looked into the deepest abyss, Hanging on that tall tree, Dangling there nine long nights, Wounded by my own blade , 3\11p. 4
[email protected]“ ParisMassageDomicile “ +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 Bloody for Odin, Sacrificed to himself, Nailed to a tree, Rooted in the unknown. No one gave me bread, No one gave me drink, I looked into the deepest abysses Until I tracked down the Runes. With a shout of victory I seized them, Then darkness enveloped everything. I got the good for everyone, And wisdom too. From word to word, I was led to the Word, From act to act. Ready to sacrifice his "ego" for the purposes of the Soul and the ultimate good for humanity, shaman Odin took nine sticks and threw them to the ground as he hung upside down from a tree (see Appendix 1). The wands formed a pattern of vertical and diagonal lines, from which, one after the other, angular symbols began to appear. total number 24. Thus the runes were revealed to Odin. But these are only legends and myths. In fact, runes as magical signs have an earlier and more complex origin. The history of the runes The origins of the runic Art, as well as the origin of the runic symbols themselves, are rooted in ancient times. There is no doubt that the very first signs, drawn by a human hand or carved from bone and wood, had a magical character. Already among such ancient graphics, we can find symbols that have become the prototypes of future common magical signs. In the 3rd millennium BC, the previously established systems of magical signs began to gradually turn into sacred alphabets. The peoples of Europe became acquainted with the prototype of the runes in the northern Italian script no later than the second half of the 1st millennium BC. Probably by the middle of the 1st century A.D. the classic all-German runic Futhark system was formed. It originally appeared in Denmark, around the 3rd century. from R.H. refers to its distribution in the rest of Scandinavia. With the introduction of Christianity and the spread of the Latin alphabet, runic writing quickly lost its significance as the main alphabet, although it existed for a long time after that. Pagan runes even penetrated into Christian culture. An excellent example of this is the baptismal font carved from light stone from the Bourseryd church in Småland. In general, the cessation of the use of runic signs as an alphabet dates back to the 14th-15th centuries. However, the runic tradition turned out to be extremely stable, and individual cases of the use of runes were recorded much later until the 18th century. During times of religious persecution, the runes were slandered along with the old pagan beliefs. Within a few generations, the knowledge of the runes was almost blotted out of human memory. If we talk about the purely magical use of runic signs, then we can safely say that the tradition of runic magic was preserved in its entirety until the 11th–13th centuries, in a damaged and partially deformed form until the late Middle Ages, and as relics and “remnants” of ancient high magic up to the current century ... But now a new, albeit still timid and uncertain wave of interest in runic art is beginning. It is a very subtle thing to catch a glimpse of the Subtle World, to feel the presence of supermundane realities, to penetrate the mind through the bestowed tool into the essence of what is happening. 24 characters later became known as "traditional" or "elder" Futhark runes due to the FUThARK phonetic combination of the first six 4\11p. 5
[email protected] “ ParisMassageDomicile “ +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 symbols that appeared in the earliest manuscripts, oral runic poems and tales. This is the prototype from which all other runic systems originated. (see Appendix 2) Chapter 2 "Runic system". Varieties of the runic alphabet Runes have never remained unchanged. As already mentioned, in the 5th century AD, runic magic came to the British Isles. British magicians were not satisfied with the Futhark and created their own runic system. These runes (there are 28 of them) are known as early Anglo-Saxon (see Appendix 3). Later, by the 9th century, they created another runic system, containing already 33 signs. As in the British Isles, the runes also changed in Scandinavia, but the Scandinavian priests went the other way. Preserving the Futhark for magical needs, they developed more and more runic alphabets, which were used only as a means of writing. So, the first revised alphabets contained 16 characters close in outline to the Futhark runes, the last (XI-XII centuries) 15 or fewer characters, sometimes having nothing in common with Futhark. In total, about a dozen alphabets were created in Scandinavia. These Scandinavian versions of the Futhark are sometimes referred to as the Lesser Runes. The younger Futhark has several variants, the most famous are the Swedish-Norwegian and Danish runes (see Appendix 4, Appendix 5). There is also the so-called Armanic Futhark (see Appendix 6), created by Guido von List, a German rune researcher and famous occultist, founder of the school of runic magic. He believed that there was an initial runic row consisting of 18 runes. The runes appeared to him in one of his visions. Futhark is called Armanic because it is associated with Armanist theories and the racist theories of Nazi Germany. It is the classic Elder Futhark system that is most common at the present time. It is he who is used for divination and the creation of various ov and talismans. Runes of the Elder Futhark The Futhark order of runes had magical significance. It was divided into three groups of eight runes (attas). It was an order that revealed the very process of creation and quality, originally inherent in nature and ourselves. Rune shamans have always treated the Futhark order with care and respect. They contributed to runic power; their common intention was to bring harmony and order, to avoid intentional harm, no matter for what purpose the runes were questioned. Let's take a quick look at the Futhark order and its relationship to the worldview prevalent in old Scandinavia and Northern Europe. "First" is Uruna, URUZ, since at the beginning of all things there was a great primary Chaos, which was a "space" between two "opposites: Fire and Ice, Yin and Yang. URUZ symbolizes Chaos, the primary material of creation. Truna, TURISAZ is a primitive force. "TURISAZ" really means "giant" or "strong man". Aruna, ANSUZ is the creative force. The word "ans" means "god". It is the power that breathed in the word of Creation that created physical reality; the power that manifests the Unmanifested. Rune, RAIDO is the power of movement and order. In legend, it is considered the rune of Thor, the god of thunder and lightning. It is the protector of order and the creator of laws. Rune of illuminating power; lightning, bringing sudden flashes of inspiration. Fire is born from lightning, and Kruna, KANO "p. 6
[email protected]“ ParisMassageDomicile “ +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 With the N rune, NAUTIZ, the goddesses of the Norns appear, weaving the Network of the Universe, spinning the thread human life. The statutory inscription of the N rune looks like two sticks folded to make fire. It denotes the force of friction and the need for resistance inherent in the energy of this rune. The tenth rune I rune, ISA, "I", the force that slows down energy vibrations and condenses the structure of matter. It has the properties of clarity and massiveness. The first ten runes denote the primary Creation and the forces that create the inner spiritual structure of the Universe. The next ten runes refer to physical manifestations. Starting with Yruna, YERA, we enter the world of "ordinary" reality for the first time. The word "yara" means "year", since this rune is a cyclic force, as well as energy that gives birth and sustains life. The statutory inscription symbolizes the seasons of two half-years, summer and winter. The next three runes are associated with the mineral, plant and animal kingdoms. Elruna, EIVAZ energy of growth. Possesses qualities of flexibility and endurance. Rruna, PERT is the energy of transformation present in earth minerals, metals, which can be present in thousands of things, but still remains iron. It is the binding force that keeps things strong and stable. Zruna, ALGIZ instinctive protective force, prevailing among wild animals. It provides the intention of survival. Next comes the S-rune, SOULU, meaning "solar power." This is the energy of the development of life. Then there are human beings. Truna, TEYVAZ is a male power, expressing courage, decisive action, power and pressure. It has the shape of a spear, a symbol of determination and the intention to succeed. Liar, BERKANA is a symbol of female power that nourishes, cherishes and protects. This is the mother force of the Earth, expressing unconditional care and support. ENrunu, EVAZ, "M", can be seen as a combination of the feminine and the masculine. It has the property of cohesion. In Mrun, MANNAZ, this binding force is manifested most profoundly. This creative interaction is the basis of unity and harmony. L rune, LAGUZ force of fluidity. It is the force that drives the lunar tides and energy flows of all kinds. INGruna, INGUZ is considered a symbol of fertility. This is a comprehending power, the ability to perceive and realize the new. The inscription of the Drune, DAGAZ, is similar to a butterfly and symbolizes the ability to overcome one's own limitations, like a butterfly crawling out of a cocoon and taking on a different shape, with great opportunities. This rune contains the transformative power of enlightenment, heralding a new dawn of spiritual awareness. Oruna, ODAL is the power that makes us human beings. It is inherited and we carry it with us from previous lives. With Fruna, FEHU we are approaching the final stage of Creation. It is the ability to accomplish everything for which we came into existence in this life. The rune symbolizes the end, but when we reach it, we find that this is not the end, but a new beginning. The Frune stands next to the Urune. There is a much greater number of interpretations of certain runes, a much greater number of interpretations, depending on the subject of use and the question to which we are looking for an answer. Chapter 3 "What were the runes for?" Section: "The Magical Use of Runic Signs" Like all natural powers, rune power can be used for good or for evil. For example, fire can be used to heat a house or cook food, but it can also set fire to anything that can burn. The end result is determined by the intention of the one who sets the force in motion and gives it direction. The same is true for runes. Magic runic divination 6\11p. 7
[email protected]“ ParisMassageDomicile “ +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 The use of runes to attract good luck is a vulgar simplification of their true function as an oracle. The oracle does not predict the future and does not make specific recommendations. It draws attention to the intangible currents of energy that affect all things. Rune divination is a very ancient method of solving human problems and difficult situations. Most of our problems are fictional, that is, they are generated by the human Ego, which extremely rarely goes beyond its own limitations. Rune reading helps us look at things from a deeper perspective and gives us the opportunity to influence the course of events with our decisions and actions. There are many methods of divination by runes, since the runes themselves express their essence in different ways to those who ask them for advice. The main methods of divination are the rune lot, the rune alignment and the questioning of the runes. The runic lot consists in the arbitrary choice of several runes to determine the properties of a particular moment of Time and the nature of the situation or problem. It gives a general overview of the situation and allows you to consider it in development. The rune layout is the arrangement of the selected runes in a certain order to separate the energy flows operating at the unconscious level, and to consider them sequentially. The question is formulated differently than in the runic lot, where the essence of the problem is stated in one statement. In the runic scenario, the question determines the impact exerted by certain circumstances. Rune questioning is a method of divination in which selected runes fall on a flat surface (preferably a runic sheet specially marked for this purpose) in "random" combinations. Interpretation is made according to their location on the canvas and in context. question asked. The method of questioning the runes is more profound and complex than the rune lot and the rune alignment. This method requires special training and considerable experience in dealing with runes. In addition to magical divination, runes were used (and are used) to create special things endowed with magic power, the so-called amulets and talismans. Unfortunately, in our time, amulets have turned from magical guardians into mere decorations (see Appendix 18). Making amulets and talismans The magic of talismans is one of the most ancient magical arts of the north. Amulets or charms with carved or applied runes were very common in the Scandinavian countries and did not disappear even after the adoption of Christianity. The technology for making runic talismans is quite complicated. Many additional sources describe all the stages of making amulets. But the most important thing is what the talisman will serve for. And what you put into the product. Runes in talismans can be used both individually and in combination (galdrastaphs, compound runes). A compound rune is two or more runes superimposed on each other or combined with each other. For example, "knitted runes" of Healing, Longevity, Love runes and others (see Appendix 7, Appendix 8). Each of the practitioners creates their own set of "complex runes". The main thing in compiling such runes is to trust intuition. Ancient signs themselves will tell you how to proceed. Section: "Non-Magical Use of Runic Signs" Since runes are made up of only two to four simple lines, they are easy to draw, cut or burn on wood. Runic symbols were applied to rings, bracelets, belts and personal items; to shields, swords, daggers and other weapons. Large boulders inscribed with runes, which served as memorials and landmarks, were especially popular in Scandinavia. Such runic stones were also "chronicles". Runic patterns were also used in the arrangement of facing beams on the facades of houses, which became a characteristic feature of German architecture. They were included in trademarks, monograms, and even in heraldic accessories, coats of arms and banners. In other words, runes played a significant role in Everyday life. There was also a system of runic calendars and runic cryptography, which also served to reduce the space occupied by the runic inscription. Runes, being primarily a magical series, are not as widespread in non-magical aspects. But, nevertheless, the Futhark runes in the VXI centuries were actively used for non-magical purposes. Rune Stones 7\11p. 8
[email protected]“ ParisMassageDomicile “ +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 Runestones are distributed throughout Scandinavia, where there are more than 6 thousand of them. Approximately half of them date from the 22nd century. and is located in Sweden. There are about 620 monuments in Denmark and 602 runestones in Norway. Finds have also been made outside Scandinavia. The most famous are the Ryok Stone and the Kensington Stone. Runestone from Ryoka is the stone with the longest runic inscription known. Consists of 762 runes (see Appendix 9) Kensington rune stone "chronicle", which presumably says that the Vikings sailed to the coast of North America in the X century long before Columbus. (See Appendix 10) Runic calendars purposes, creation of runic calendars (see Appendix 11, Appendix 12, Appendix 13). Runic calendars - medieval calendars, on which days were marked with runes, and holidays with special signs (St. Martin's day with the image of a goose, the beginning of spawning with the image of fish), 19 "golden numbers" for finding the full moon were indicated by Arabic numerals or other numerical signs. The year was divided into winter and summer, each season had its own calendar. They were distributed almost throughout the north of continental Europe, as well as in areas neighboring northern countries. In Scandinavia, such calendars were used until the middle of the 19th century, in Karelia and the northern regions of Russia much longer. Runic script In addition to the new runic alphabets, the priests and magicians of the Northwest developed, over time, and new methods of runic writing. Quite a number of such systems, used as secret writing, for magical purposes, or simply to reduce the space occupied by a runic inscription, were created quite a lot. It is practically impossible to decipher an inscription made in runes in one of these systems without owning the key to it or not knowing approximately its content. One of the results of such experiments of magicians was the tradition of using “knitted runes” (see Appendix 7, Appendix 8), i.e. writing two or more runes in such a way that certain elements of them coincide. An example of such a tie is the inscription on the Valaam stone, the unambiguous deciphering of which is hardly possible. From medieval treatises and ancient inscriptions, we also know several other techniques of runic cryptography based on completely different principles. For example, "Forked Runes" (see Appendix 14) is a system based on a numerical principle. Each of the three atts of the Elder Futhark is assigned a number. Then each rune inside the atta gets its own number. When secretly writing with branched runes, signs are indicated in the form of a vertical line with side branches. The number of branches on the right is the number of the atta, the number of stripes on the left is the number of the rune inside the atta. Using this system, you can encrypt words and even entire sentences. Another encryption system is the use of the Laguz rune (see Appendix 15). The runes are written in a row, when encrypting the atta number, the runes are written upside down, and when encrypting the rune number, they are written in the normal position. In fact, there are many more varieties of runic cryptography. Chapter 4 "The ancient magical art of the Scandinavians in the XXI century" Modern interpretation of the meaning of rune magic B Lately a large number of books began to appear, the authors of which "unravel" the secrets of the runes, not taking into account that thereby violating the basic law of runic magic, its cherished and secrecy, sacredness and the impossibility of initiation into the secret art of a wide range of "amateurs". In the 21st century, the meaning of original magic has almost been lost. The most common opinions about runic divination have been completely redone for modern times and are far from the meanings that our ancestors put into the very system of runic magic. Most of the townsfolk, unfortunately, sincerely believe that "the runes are just pampering, which I played with and threw away." And if it also brings benefits, great. During my research on this issue, I repeatedly came across the point of view: “The runes will help me predict the future. What? Still need to think? Uh, no, it doesn't fit. 8\11p. 9
[email protected]“ ParisMassageDomicile “ +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 Then I’d better go to another system, it’s still the same.” This point of view is fundamentally erroneous and vicious, because it is the product of a "fed" Ego, leading us further and further from the correct path of knowing the world around us and ourselves. It is unfortunate that at the moment more and more false information about the runes is spreading among people. And it is impossible for a few hours (that's how much time the average person is ready to allocate to learn something new) to understand the essence of the ancient magical art of the Scandinavians. The modern use of runic magic and the spread of runic amulets and talismans in the modern world In order to know the runes, Odin hung on the World tree of the ash tree Yggdrasil for nine nights, pierced by his own spear (see Appendix 1). As this is said in one of the songs of the "Elder Edda" "Speech of the High", has already been said. But then comes a very important warning: Do you know how to cut? Do you know how to solve? Do you know how to paint? Do you know how to ask? Do you know how to pray? How should sacrifices be made? Do you know how to deposit? Do you know how to burn? As can be understood from the above passage of the song, one cannot use magic without knowing. Runes are a magical tool for evoking the Forces and communicating with them. Moreover, runic magical art can be mastered only in the process of practical work with runes, subject to constant, devoted interaction with them. Such interaction should be meaningful for this person You can't play runes. A runic sign made by a person is associated with a specific Deity. These are not dominoes. The Deities themselves are present in the bag of runes. When a person plays with runes, plays pranks, indulges, plays the fool, the runes also play the fool with him. A person stumbles upon stupid answers, incomprehensible advice, completely indigestible comments. Unfortunately, it is as a toy that most people perceive the ancient magical art. It is impossible to imagine a greater blasphemy than a frivolous attitude towards holy things. Although it is very difficult to call pieces of wood (or pebbles) with angular symbols painted on them as intermediaries between the Subtle and Mortal worlds. Symbols drawn without faith and awareness of their actions, but only as a blind following of fashion. Every second site of the occult direction is full of links to the personal pages of magicians who are ready to make one or another runic amulet for a certain amount. More than once there were also links to rune sets for sale (see Appendix 16). It would seem that everything is correct. But this is not only blasphemy, but also poses a considerable threat to the life and well-being of a person who decides to take advantage of these offers. A logical question arises: why? As mentioned earlier, runic sets are a thing that connects you and you with the Subtle World. Therefore, the runic set should bear the imprint of your personality, energy, soul and much that does not even have a name. And it starts to be laid in runes from the very first stage of making your own runes. There must be an appropriate state of mind, appropriate thoughts that will reflect exactly what is required from each individual rune. If the set is made by an outsider, then it carries a threat to the life of the owner, because there is a conflict between the auras of man and runes. The harmony of the Subtle World breaks apart, which is reflected in the Mortal World. This only applies to ready-made rune sets. As for ready-made online fortune-telling by runes (see Appendix 17), many practitioners, including myself, refuse to perceive this as fortune-telling. Because online fortune-telling cannot give anything other than wasted time, in principle. Conclusion 9/11p. 10
[email protected]“ ParisMassageDomicile “ +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 Thus, we can conclude that the original meaning of magic is almost lost. The most common opinions about runic divination have been completely redone for modern times and are incredibly far from the meanings that our ancestors originally invested. All modern attempts to follow the magical art of the ancient Scandinavians are nothing more than a farce aimed at entertaining one's own Ego. And going back to the wisdom of the ancestors will be very, very difficult, almost impossible. No, of course, there is an opportunity to help humanity re-establish contact with the Subtle World through true runes. However, this will require colossal efforts of the entire planet. It cannot be ruled out that someday this will happen, so I think the following plan can be proposed to solve this problem. First of all, it is necessary to prohibit any amateur interpretation of runic magic; limit the spread of unprofessional interpretation of runes. It is necessary to create a unified organization of specialists in this field to conduct research aimed at clarifying the true use of runic symbols. Try to restore ancient knowledge through a comprehensive study of culture in general and religions, epic, magic and other aspects of the life of the ancient Scandinavians in particular. To trace the historical transformations of runic symbols, and by indirect evidence to restore the meaning of the runes close to the exact one. After conducting research, generalizing knowledge, creating a general concept for the correct understanding of this issue, it is necessary to revive runic shamanism in its true form. The next step towards achieving this goal will be to inform the population of the planet with the data that were obtained in the course of research. But attracting people to solve the problem is possible only when they become interested in runes in general, and understand the importance of correct and constructive interaction with the Subtle World. And only in this case humanity will be able to restore the connection with the Higher Forces. And the true runes will be a means of improving your own soul in the world of energies. Of course, one cannot fail to see that this plan is utopian. What we have today is too far from understanding. Understanding the need to solve this problem, understanding the need to get in touch with the Subtle World. After all, the path of nurturing one's own Ego is the path to chaos, which has already been proven earlier. Modern man he simply does not see the expediency of communicating with the World of Energies, which is closed from him by the wall of satisfaction of physical needs. Therefore, ancient runic magic for him is just a toy that has lost any sacred meaning. A person of the 21st century does not even want to return to the knowledge of his ancestors, looking only ahead at the achievements of science and technology, which, again, are associated with the physical side of being. And this is a one way road. Therefore, we can safely say that in the 21st century the true meaning of runic magic has been practically lost. And it is difficult to imagine what forces will be required to change the situation. Literature used: “Amulets and talismans. Practical magic of runes ”S. Batyushkov. Publisher: Phoenix "Divination on the Runes. Sacred symbolism” Publisher: AST, Astret-SPb 2006 “The Book of Runes” R. Kh. Blum. Publisher: Sofia, 2007. Book of Runes: A guide to using the ancient Oracle. Viking runes ”R. H. Blum. Publisher: Sofia, 2006 "Magic of runes: the secret knowledge of the sages" K. Meadows. Publisher: Grand, 2007 "Runic amulet practice" S. Batyushkov. Publishers: ICC "Mart", Publishing Center "Mart", 2007 "Rune Magic" A. Platov. Publisher: Veligor, 2002 "Runic Matrices" by Otila. Publisher: Veligor, 2008 Runes Publisher: Lokid, 19Municipatel98 Runes. Futhark Classical and Armanic” E. Kolesov, A. Torsten. Publisher: Golden Section, 2008 " northern magic: the mysteries of the German peoples ”E. Thorsson. Publisher: Sofia, 2003 “Elder Edda. Songs about deities. Scandinavian epic» Publisher: Editorial URSS, 2004 «Secrets of runes. Descendants of Odin. S. Kormilitsyn. Publishers: Yauza, Eksmo, 2005 “School of runes. Fortune-telling technique and magical commentary ”G. Bednenko. Publisher: Tsentrpoligraf, 2006 10\11p. eleven
[email protected]“ParisMassageDomicile” +33(0)6.45.12.83.06 WWW, Internet Appendix 1. “One on the Yggdrasil Tree gains runes” 2. “The Elder Futhark runic system” 3. “Anglo-Saxon runic system” 4. “The Danish runic system The Younger Futhark » 5. Norse Rune Lesser Futhark 6. Armanic Futhark 7. Knitted Healing Rune 8. Knitted Longevity Rune 9. Rök Runestone 10. Kensington Runestone 11 "The page of the runic calendar of the seasons" 12. "The lunar runic calendar" 13. "The runic calendar of pagan holidays" 14. "Recording the rune Inguz with "knitted" runes" 15. "Recording the rune Inguz in secret writing on Laguz" WWW ceramic rune set" 17. "An example of runic online divination" 11\11Runes must be treated as a priceless treasure, because they do not forcibly offer themselves to a person. They never prove themselves. If you are not ready to accept the runes, they simply will not work for you.
The ancients took the mantic systems very seriously, which were unambiguously considered sacred.
The origin of the runic sign
Some historians claim that the runes originated in the Teutonic tribes of Northern Europe in the 5th century BC. BC e. Others suggest that the runes originated much later, in northern Italy, and are derived from the Latin alphabet. There is an opinion that they were invented by the Vikings in the VIII century. n. e. But although the views of scientists differ on the issue of the origin of runic writing, most agree that the runes were used by pagan tribes in the vast expanse of Northern Europe.
In the myths of the Elder and Younger Edda, the runes are presented not as a human invention, but as something already existing, waiting only to be discovered and released.
The poem "Havamal" (the name means "Song of the High") from the "Elder Edda" tells how Odin, in an attempt to do something valuable for people, acquired the runes that were revealed to him as a gift to humanity from the unusual reality of shamanic experience. The runes provided a means of gaining knowledge about the secret forces of nature and the processes that underlie being. They expanded perception beyond the physical senses, allowing them to "see" the Spirit with their inner vision and "hear" the inaudible.
The following poetic passage about Odin's experience is taken from the Poetic Edda (c. 1200 AD), translated from Old Norse:
Hanging from this tall tree
Hanging out there nine long nights
Wounded by my own blade
Bloody for Odin
Sacrificed to himself
Nailed to a tree
Whose roots go into the unknown.
Nobody gave me bread
Nobody gave me a drink
I looked into the deepest abysses
Until I tracked down the Runes.
With a shout of victory I seized them,
Then darkness enveloped everything.
I got the blessing for everyone,
And wisdom too.
From word to word
I was led to the Word
From act to act.
Ready to sacrifice his "ego" for the purposes of the Soul and the ultimate good of mankind, shaman Odin took nine sticks and threw them to the ground as he hung upside down from a tree ( see Appendix 1). The sticks formed a pattern of vertical and diagonal lines, from which, one after the other, angular symbols began to appear, a total of 24. Thus, the runes were revealed to Odin.
But these are only legends and myths. In fact, runes as magical signs have an earlier and more complex origin.
rune history
The origins of the runic Art - like the origin of the runic symbols themselves - are rooted in ancient times.
There is no doubt that the very first signs, drawn by a human hand or carved from bone and wood, had a magical character. Already among such ancient graphics, we can find symbols that have become the prototypes of future common magical signs.
In the III-I millennia BC, the previously established systems of magical signs began to gradually turn into sacred alphabets. The peoples of Europe became acquainted with the prototype of the runes - the North Italian letter - no later than the second half of the 1st millennium BC.
Probably by the middle of the 1st century A.D. was formed by the classic all-Germanic runic system - Futhark. It originally appeared in Denmark, around the 3rd century. from R.H. refers to its distribution in the rest of Scandinavia.
With the introduction of Christianity and the spread of the Latin alphabet, runic writing quickly lost its significance as the main alphabet, although it existed for a long time after that. Pagan runes even penetrated into Christian culture. An excellent example of this is the baptismal font carved from light stone from the Bourseryd church in Småland.
In general, the cessation of the use of runic signs as an alphabet dates back to the 14th-15th centuries. However, the runic tradition turned out to be extremely stable, and individual cases of the use of runes were recorded much later until the 18th century.
During times of religious persecution, the runes were slandered along with the old pagan beliefs. Within a few generations, the knowledge of the runes was almost blotted out of human memory.
If we talk about the purely magical use of runic signs, then we can safely say that the tradition of runic magic was preserved in its entirety until the 11th - 13th centuries, in a damaged and partially deformed form - until the late Middle Ages, and as relics and "remnants" ancient high magic - up to the present century...
But now a new, albeit still timid and uncertain, wave of interest in runic art is beginning.
This is a very subtle thing - to catch a glimpse of the Subtle World, to feel the presence of supermundane realities, to penetrate the mind through the bestowed tool into the essence of what is happening. The 24 characters later became known as the "traditional" or "elder" Futhark runes, due to the F-U-Th-A-R-K phonetic combination of the first six characters appearing in the earliest manuscripts, oral rune poems and tales. This is the prototype from which all other runic systems originated. (see Appendix 2)
Chapter 2 "Rune system". Varieties of the runic alphabet
The runes have never remained the same.
As already mentioned, in the 5th century AD, runic magic came to the British Isles. British magicians were not satisfied with the Futhark and created their own runic system. These runes (there are 28 of them) are known as early Anglo-Saxon ( see Appendix 3). Later, by the 9th century, they created another runic system, containing already 33 signs.
As in the British Isles, the runes also changed in Scandinavia, but the Scandinavian priests went the other way. Preserving the Futhark for magical needs, they developed more and more runic alphabets, which were used only as a means of writing. So, the first revised alphabets contained 16 characters similar in outline to the Futhark runes, the last (XI - XII centuries) - 15 or fewer characters, sometimes having nothing in common with Futhark. In total, about a dozen alphabets were created in Scandinavia. These Scandinavian versions of the Futhark are sometimes referred to as the Lesser Runes. The younger Futhark has several variants, the most famous being the Swedish-Norwegian and Danish runes ( see Appendix 4, Appendix 5).
There is also the so-called Armanic Futhark ( see Annex 6), created by Guido von List, a German rune researcher and famous occultist, founder of the school of runic magic. He believed that there was an initial runic row consisting of 18 runes. The runes appeared to him in one of his visions. Futhark is called Armanic because it is associated with the theories of Armanism - the racist theories of Nazi Germany.
The most common at present is the classical system - the Elder Futhark. It is he who is used for divination and the creation of various ov and talismans.
Runes of the Elder Futhark
The Futhark order of the runes had magical significance. It was divided into three groups of eight runes (attas). It was an order that revealed the very process of creation and quality, originally inherent in nature and ourselves.
Rune shamans have always treated the Futhark order with care and respect. They contributed to the runic power; their common intention was to bring harmony and order, to avoid intentional harm, no matter for what purpose the runes were questioned.
Let's take a quick look at the Futhark order and its relationship to the worldview prevalent in old Scandinavia and Northern Europe.
"First" is the U-rune, URUZ
, since at the beginning of all things there was a great primary Chaos, which was a "space" between two "opposites: Fire and Ice, Yin and Yang. URUZ symbolizes Chaos, the primary material of creation. Our Life is our interaction not only on the physical, but also on the energy level. One of the most mysterious and powerful Forces that influence our destiny are runes.They can be a means to achieve wealth and power, and can predict fate.
One thing is absolutely certain and beyond doubt: RUNES are living energies, they are not just symbols and signs. This is a blessed GIFT to humanity, thanks to which we can build our lives according to our own choice. With the help of the runes, we can more fully realize the wonders of nature, more fully understand ourselves, get direct contact with spiritual forces. Runic signs are of ancient origin and are the magical symbols of the Celtic druid priests.
So, let's plunge into the depths of centuries, touch the great mystery, try to understand: what are the runes, where did they come from and how do they work.
Shamanism is the oldest form of spiritual expression known to mankind. Its roots go back to prehistoric times, and thus it can be considered the forerunner of all existing religions. Among all races and traditions, a person who had the ability to perceive inaccessible to others, who had the experience of a reality different from ordinary existence, and who communicated with the minds of other life forms and other planes of existence, enjoyed special honor and respect among the Kindred.
The very word "shaman" (pronounced "sha - man") comes from the language of the Tungus, one of the indigenous peoples of Siberia. It can be interpreted as "one who knows" or " a wise man", but in the most accurate translation it means "one who has known bliss." A shaman was considered a person who overcame the limitations of his physical body, expanded the boundaries of the mind and experienced a deep spiritual experience. This was usually achieved at the end of a long, often painful process of apprenticeship. Despite the honorable position in the tribe, socially the shamans led an isolated existence.
We will talk about the knowledge and skills of a special kind of shaman - the so-called runic shamans, who lived among the peoples of Northern Europe, Scandinavia and Iceland. Runic shamanism is in many ways similar to the spiritual perception of the North American Indians and the Taoist wisdom of the East and is an integral part of universal shamanism. Suppressed in the past by religious intolerance and political tyranny, this knowledge was preserved and passed down through oral tradition. Hidden for the time being, now it is being restored in its rights so that people can gain a more complete understanding of the world around them, learn the meaning and purpose of their lives.
Runic shamans had the knowledge and practical skills to use runes—angular symbols drawn on smooth surfaces, carved into wood, engraved on stone, or personal items. Some people considered the runes to be a secret cipher, a mystical way to release power that allowed them to fulfill their desires, prevent hostile intentions or see the future.
The runes were a gift to mankind and a blessing to our kind - a mission that, sadly, is still forgotten. Through understanding the true nature of the runes, we can become more aware of the wonders of nature, our natural environment, and strengthen our intention to respect and protect all life on Earth. In addition, we can come to a fuller understanding of ourselves and an awareness of the deeper purpose of our lives.
The spiritual task of discovering the Truth is feasible only if you look not on earth or in heaven - regardless of the purity of intentions, sincerity of desires, perseverance and courage - but inside. This is the true meaning of the words carved on the pediment of the Delphic temple in ancient greece: "Man, know thyself."
Those of us who have explored the main streams and side branches of religious thought, who have sought to find answers to the most difficult questions of life from spiritual leaders and mentors, from philosophers and scientists, did so by virtue of education: we were all taught to look outside, not inside. We have been taught to treat knowledge as truth, while it is just information based on assumptions and speculation, and sometimes on blind faith.
The runes can teach us the importance of the inner search and self-awareness of the connection between the spiritual and the physical, the revealed and the hidden, the outer and the inner. As a result, we begin to understand that the physical, mental and spiritual are not separate beginnings, but different facets of a single whole.
At the dawn of the new millennium, humanity has reached a critical point where it faces a clear choice. Despite the great inventions of materialistic science and the marvels of modern technology, our world is on the brink of a great crisis. We can choose either spiritual bankruptcy and degeneration until the release of the forces of Chaos that can destroy humanity and devastate the Earth, or expand the boundaries of human awareness, rise to the highest level of perception in multidimensional reality and enter a new Golden Age.
According to modern physics, the basic substance of the universe is at the subatomic level, where matter and energy become interchangeable. This basic unit of matter and energy is called a quantum - an invisible signal or fluctuation that precedes both energy impulses and elementary particles. It is in this subtle level that the greatest energy potential lies, and from here runic symbols originate.
Contrary to the opinion of anthropologists, historians and other scientists, runes are not a product of the human mind, although they can, of course, be manipulated by the mind.
Nor are they ordinary symbols meaning something else. Each runic sign is a carrier of potential energy that precedes being in any manifestation. It is the repository of the original activity in nature and in ourselves; being opened and activated, it creates movement. Thus, the runes denote the possible movement and transformation of the potential inherent in nature and in ourselves. They in themselves are a force that ensures any activity. The runes are a component of the cosmic language that introduces us to the inner knowledge of the Universe and ourselves, because the natural laws that govern the Universe also operate within us. Each of us represents the universe in miniature!
If we treat the runes with care and respect, and not as a means of exploitation and satisfaction of our own whims, we can come into contact with the innermost part of our being. We will learn how our choices and our actions create an energy pattern that defines reality, shaping our future and destiny.
Understanding the runes, we know both ourselves and our surroundings. Understanding the runes, we know the Earth and the Universe. Understanding the runes, we learn the external and internal, obvious and hidden, physical and spiritual. This is the true purpose of the runes.
runes training
Each rune is magic symbol, which is used in the manufacture of a magic item when they want to give it magical properties.
Runes have great strength, they help to cope with many life difficulties:
- lack of money
- loneliness
- conflicts in the family and in the team
- finding yourself and your purpose
- stress and depression
- recover from disease and addictions
- break out of the vicious circle
- attract good luck
- Love
- win a victory
Very often runes are used in the manufacture mascots And amulets.
With the help of runes, you can solve a lot of problems or tasks.
And we will learn this at school.
How will the training take place?
You will receive lessons in your mailbox once a week.
Lesson after lesson, you will get acquainted with the world of each rune, learn to feel its power, track how it affects your life. And gradually learn to manage its energy.
You will receive settings for runes and connection to them. I will introduce you to the rune and reveal its meaning, tell you where and for what purposes it can be used.
The lessons will give you powerful tuning on the vibrations of the Runes, and you will begin to hear their prompts.
You will understand that the Runes speak, support and protect. Protect your health and success.
So that you can understand whether you need it and how much you need, you can pay for training by the lesson. The cost of one lesson is 150 rubles. Thus, you have the opportunity to stop learning at any stage. If you wish, you can pay for several lessons at the same time. Lessons will be sent to your email once a week after payment is received.
You can pay for tuition through Yandex Money: 41001905028291 or by following the link:
Or transfer money to a bank card, I will indicate the number in personal correspondence.
Notify me of payment by postal address: [email protected]
When paying for tuition, please write to the above postal address that you paid for the tuition. So that I know who to send lessons to!
All correspondence on training will be conducted through it.
You can share your observations and results Here: Here you can also communicate between
Waiting for my students, and see you at the lessons!
I want to dedicate this book to my grandmother Uliana (Olga) Brechko and mother Svetlana for opening this world for me and encouraging my creativity. And also to express my sincere gratitude to Tonechka Davydova, my guardian angel, and Vera Kutyreva for her boundless patience.
Olga Korbut (Insolate)
© Korbut O., text, 2017
© Publishing House Eksmo LLC, 2018
* * *
Olga Korbut, also known online as Insolate, is an esoteric, runologist, tarologist, and a practicing psychologist. The creator of the school of self-development "Magiclife" and the community "Rune XXI", the author of training courses and seminars on runes, Tarot, practical magic. Author of numerous publications, popularizer of esoteric practices on the Internet.
"How good is this book? Real author's developments in rune magic and a very sober, balanced approach to practice, which Olga shares with the reader. Runic is a living and evolving discipline. Without practitioners who use runes in life, gain experience in their knowledge and application, the runic is dead.
Oleg Sinko, eril (master of runic magic), psychologist, master of reiki
Instead of an introduction
In the 21st century, the world has been captured by high technologies, computers are becoming more compact, new means of communication in the blink of an eye connect people who are thousands of kilometers apart, but only one thing remains unchanged at all times - our faith in the supernatural, in what is where something exists Magic wand fulfilling wishes. Let me tell you a secret - it really is. More precisely, there are as many as 24 of them - and these are runes! They came to us from the distant I-II centuries. n. e. from what is now Germany and the Scandinavian countries. The runes passed through the gloomy Middle Ages and were forgotten during the period of the technical revolution, but broke into the 21st century, capturing the minds of our contemporaries with their mystery. In my book, I want to tell you about this magic, which came from the distant past and was embodied in the modern runic tradition.
Runes are very popular today. And if there is a lot of information about the runes themselves and different, then about practical application runes can be found only fragmentary information. On the one hand, many people use runes and leave feedback on their work, but on the other hand, you will not find a clearly outlined scheme and sequence of runic exposure anywhere - there are too many different opinions and at the same time a complete lack of specifics. My book will fill this gap and teach you how to use rune magic in practice.
If you have embarked on the path of self-development and are ready to change your life for the better, the runes will help you with this. And this book and my humble guide will provide an opportunity to connect with them.
From a short historical background, you will learn what runes are, where they came from and why they help us achieve our goals. I will teach you through fortune-telling on the runes to find out the causes of a particular situation, predict future events and analyze the results of your activities. I will tell you how you can use runes to achieve various goals, what is runic staves what they are and on what principles they are created. The materials collected in the book will help you use the power of the runes to improve your life. You will learn how to monitor adverse trends and learn how to protect yourself and those you care about from them. This information will show you the way out of a difficult situation, teach you how to resist negative influences and just make you feel confident no matter what happens. You will learn how to properly organize your workspace, how to use the power of the Moon and various ritual objects, and, most importantly, how to apply the knowledge gained without harming yourself and your loved ones.
It is important to understand: the runes cannot be learned only through reading esoteric literature. To realize their strength and principles of influence, personal experience and own discoveries, born in the course of creative experiments, are required. In each of us there is an active creative principle that can change reality, and in order to influence reality, you just need to release inner forces and use your abilities!
Chapter 1
Theories of the origin of runes and sources of information about runes
Runes are the writing of the ancient Germans, which was used approximately from the 1st to the 12th centuries. n. e. on the territory of modern Denmark, Sweden and Norway, and from the 10th to the 12th centuries. in Greenland and Iceland. Runes are symbolic figures consisting of straight lines. They were usually carved on various hard materials: wood, stone, metal.
There are several versions of the origin of the word "rune".
According to one theory, the word "rune" (English "rune") comes from the Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon words "run", Old Norse "runar" and Old German "runa", which contain the Germanic root "ru", as well as from the Gothic concept "runa ”, meaning “mystery”, and the ancient German “runen” (modern Raunen) - “mysteriously whisper”.
The author of books on the history of the Celts and geomancy, Nigel Pennick, writes about the connection of the word "rune" with the ancient Celtic "run" and the Welsh "rhin", which mean "whisper". His writings say that the word "run" in Irish means "mystery", and in Scottish Gaelic - "lot".
Researchers R. Morris and E. Antonsen see the connection of the name "rune" with the Indo-European root "run", which means "scratch", "make notches".
As you can see, there are several opinions, but in each of them there is a certain mystical component inherent in these ancient signs.
The runic alphabet itself appeared around the 3rd century BC. BC e., but it is still not known for certain what purpose the runes were created for: were they divination tools, special signs for esoteric practice, or were they originally conceived as writing.
There are also several hypotheses about the origin of the runic symbols themselves, from scientifically sound to frankly mystical.
I understand that you are not historians and you are primarily interested in how to use the runes, and not where they came from. But nevertheless, I think that you need to understand the subject that you are studying and, moreover, you are going to use for your own good, so bear with a little "boring".
Greek-Latin version
A specialist in the field of archeology and toponymy, Isaac Taylor, put forward a version of the structural relationship between the runic alphabet and the Greek alphabet used in the 6th century. BC e. on the coast of the Black Sea. This conclusion was prompted by the elongated and angular shape of the runes. According to the theory of the Danish linguist Ludwig-Franz-Adalbert Wimmer, the runes originated from the Latin script of the end of the 2nd century BC. n. e.
North Etruscan version
The North Etruscan version of the origin of the runes is considered the most popular. In 1928, it was put forward by the Norwegian scientist Karl Marstrander. He was supported in 1929 by the Scandinavian researcher Magnus Hammarström, supplementing this theory with the assumption that the runes are of mixed origin from the North Etruscan and Ogham alphabets. Most scientists consider this borrowing to be the most probable.
Western Asian version
It is believed that the Lydian alphabet, which arose from the Phoenician, has a number of letters similar in graphics to runes. This writing disappears in the III century. BC e., and around the same time runes appear in Europe. Some runic symbols have analogues in the Semitic alphabets, for example, the runes Gebo, Berkan, Ing (in the Scandinavian version) are found in the South Arabian script.
Non-traditional versions
In the 1930s–1940s in Germany, the Urrunen theory (Prarun Theory) was developed, suggesting that the runes come from some praruns, from which the North Semitic alphabet and all other alphabetic scripts of the world originated. This theory was developed solely for the purpose of Germanizing the alphabet, so it cannot be considered reliable. An unconventional theory was also adhered to by the Swedish professor Sigurd Agrell, who believed that the runes appeared in the 1st century BC. and were originally a kind of cipher. In 1932, he suggested that the f (Fehu) rune was the last, and not the first, in the runic alphabet. This theory scientific world did not accept, but she also found a number of followers, among whom, for example, Thomas Karlsson, the author of the famous book Runes and Nordic Magic.
Mythological version
Scandinavian myths describe how the god Odin received the runes. He learned that in order to gain great wisdom, one must sacrifice oneself, after which he pierced himself with a spear and hung on the World Tree Yggdrasil for nine days and nights without food and water. For this, Odin was rewarded: the giant Belthorn approached him, gave him honey to drink and handed him secret signs - runes. This is stated in one of the stanzas of the Elder Edda, a poetic collection of sacred songs about gods and heroes. Scandinavian mythology:
I know I hung
in branches in the wind
nine long nights
speared,
dedicated to Odin
as a sacrifice to yourself
on the tree
whose roots are hidden
in the depths of the unknown.
Nobody ate
no one gave me water
I looked at the ground
I raised the runes
groaning, raised them, -
and fell from the tree.
Runes you will find
and see the signs
strongest signs,
strongest marks,
Hroft painted them,
and the gods created
and Odin cut them out.(“Speech of the High One”, 138–39, 142, translated by A. I. Korsun)
There are two versions of how the runes came from the world of the gods into the hands of people. We learn about this from the "Song of Rig", one of the Eddic poems, which is useful to read to anyone interested in runes. It is believed that the god Heimdall in the form of Riga taught the runes to his heir named Kon. According to another version, Rig is Odin himself, and if we accept this version, it turns out that it was the supreme god who gave the runes to people.
At the moment, there is only one runic script recognized by science. This is a futhark - a series of ancient Germanic and Scandinavian symbols (senior futhark), as well as derivatives from them: Northumbrian (Anglo-Saxon), Icelandic and Danish runes (junior futhark). The existence of runic alphabets of other peoples is in doubt - this is worth remembering for lovers of Hungarian, Turkic and other runes, including the "angelic runes". It is believed that only Futhark symbols are capable of changing the world, because God Odin gave them to mankind, and all other alphabets were invented by people, and we do not know anything about their divine origin.
We agree with the magical version of the origin of the runes, because we perceive magic as an integral part of human life.
Abstract thinking is what makes a person human and distinguishes him from all other creatures on earth. It is thanks to this mindset that religious rites and magical practices (in my opinion - the essence is one and the same). Man is a rational and pragmatic being, but at the same time, people believe in the supernatural for many millennia, and this belief does not weaken, but only grows stronger. Agree that since this is happening, then this really makes sense. If magic didn't work, it wouldn't be so popular. A person can be deceived once or even twice, but, having made sure that he was lied to again, he will no longer believe you, and even tell a good hundred other people about his conclusions.
There is nothing supernatural in magic, because a person is a creator by nature.
When we create something, be it art, music, or a new pie recipe, we change ourselves, we change the world around us. And this act of creation is precisely the most "magical" magic. Being in a state of creative search, we change our psychological state, thoughts, emotions, behavior. Thanks to this, our perception expands: we see the world from a different angle and notice opportunities that were previously hidden or simply invisible to those who we were before. And we get more, our plans are realized, and goals become achievable. The same thing happens when we perform any ritual or create runic ties. We enter an altered state of consciousness through a light trance or meditation, thereby releasing the hidden resources of our psyche. Magic can neither be taken from outside nor lost, since it is already within ourselves and consists of will, reason and directed action. With regard to runes, everything is explained simply: by the power of our mind, we create a connection, in the process structuring information about the problem, by an effort of will we change our attitude to the situation and with the help of logical and understandable actions we get what we want.
This is how any magic works. But back to runes.
To date, we do not have detailed description the meanings and meaning of the runes, compiled by the ancient northern peoples. The real sources of this information are the so-called Rune Poems: the Icelandic Rune Poem, the Norse Rune Poem and the Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem.
These poems indicate the order of the runes in the alphabets, give some information about the meaning of symbols and associative links. But this information is not enough, and it is expressed mostly in metaphors (kennings, typical for skaldic poetry). In addition, the poems themselves were written down by a Christian, a person far from the ancient tradition, and several centuries after the spread of the runes, which naturally left an imprint on the interpretation and presentation of the material.
There are several translations of runic poems. First, they were translated from the old languages (Old Norse - Old Norse and Proto-German - Proto-Germanic) into modern German and Norwegian, then into English, and only then into Russian. Due to the large number of text revisions and the use of different names for the same symbols in ancient poems, there are differences in the names of some runes even now. For example:
German name: Berkana (Berkana)
Anglo-Saxon: Beork
Old Norse: Bjarkan Some information about the practical application of runes is contained in the Elder Edda song called "Speech of Sigrdriva". It describes how the Valkyrie Sigrdriva reveals the magical meanings of the runes to the ruler Sigurd. Stanzas 6-13 describe 8 runic groups:
5. Maple tinga chain mail
I give you a drink
full of strength
and great glory;
there are magic songs in it
and healing runes
good spells
and the joys of the rune.6. Runes of victory,
if you aspire to it, -
cut them out
on the sword hilt
and mark twice
in the name of Tyr!7. Runes of beer
know that deceit
you weren't scared!
Put them on the horn
draw on your hand
rune Naud - on the nail.8. Sanctify the horn,
beware of deceit
throw the onion into the moisture;
then I know for sure
that magic potion
you won't get drunk.9. Midwifery runes
know if you want
help with childbirth!
Put them on your palm
squeeze your wrists
invoking diss.10. Surf runes
know to save
ships are sailing!
Draw those runes
on the nose, on the steering wheel
and burn on the oars, -
let the surf be terrible
and black shafts,
land unscathed.11. Healing runes
for healing
you must know;
on the trunk that the branches
leaning towards the east
cut them out.12. Know the runes of speech,
if you do not want,
to take revenge on you!
They are composed
they are made up
they are woven
on a ting like that,
where people should
do justice.13. Know the runes of thought,
if the wisest
you want to be!
Hroft figured them out
he invented them
from such moisture,
that once leaked
from the brain of Heiddraupnir
and the horns of Hoddrofnir.(Translated by A. I. Korsun)
From the above passage, we cannot say anything concrete about the practical use of the runes, since the text contains only the names of the runic groups and hints of what they are intended for.
Perhaps it was an encrypted message, but, alas, no one can confirm or refute this information. The rune of victory could be called both Soulo and Teyvaz, and the runes of thought - Anguz and Laguz. Therefore, on the basis of primary sources, one can only make assumptions, and nothing more.
The modern practical use of runes began in 1982 after the publication of a book about runic divination by Ralph Blum, The Book of Runes. Ancient Oracle Guide: Viking Runes. Ralph Blum was not a serious historian or researcher, and the runes themselves, accompanied by a couple of sheets describing their meanings, fell into his hands by accident. At first he put them aside, but after some time he returned to their study. Blum began to search for available literature on the origin and use of the runes and, at the same time as reading books, studied the Chinese system "I Ching", believing that in working with one oracle it is logical to seek help from another.
Bloom expresses the idea that each rune is a separate magical sign that has certain properties and powers. He also suggested using the 25th empty rune in divination. The interpretations of the symbols proposed by Bloom are slightly different from modern ones, and some runologists do not recommend working with an empty rune at all.
Following Bloom, a number of authors appeared who actively wrote about divination on runes and their use in magic. By the end of the 90s of the last century, practical work with these ancient symbols acquired a modern look, and today there is a place in it for both predictions and the use of rune combinations as magical tools.
Runes came into my life in the early 90s together with the journal Science and Religion, and a little later with the Donetsk newspaper Magic. Perhaps it was thanks to a simple recommendation to draw the Fehu and Othal runes on pieces of leather and carry in a wallet that my family practically did not notice the difficulties of restructuring.
Today, rune staves and scripts are gaining more and more popularity - combinations of runes endowed with certain properties. They are also called "formulas". It should be noted that the authors of these staves created them for their own situations, giving the runes their own meaning. Therefore, do not be surprised that runic combinations do not always work and not for everyone.
Everyone who considers himself an expert on runes tries to classify them and correlate them with objects of animate and inanimate nature, elements, mythological characters, colors, sounds, etc. It is difficult to say how much all this makes sense, because we do not know if they were used similar analogies and relationships in antiquity. Such comparisons and interpretations are individual and often differ from each other.
Modern interpretations of runes with the help of logic and subjective perception were derived from the texts of ancient poems, the meanings of the runes of the older futhark - from the younger, enriching and becoming more complex over time.
Your understanding of any rune may differ slightly from other practitioners' interpretations. It is worth taking as dogma only the meanings of symbols from runic poems, and all other versions are better interpreted as subjective variants of the knowledge of this system.
Chapter 2
Futhark and its structure
In the runic system, each rune occupies a certain position, and the entire row is usually called a futhark by the initial letters of its first six characters (fu?ark): Fehu, Uruz, Turisaz, Ansuz, Raido, Kenaz. The runic alphabet got its name on the same principle as the alphabet. Although the word "futhark" itself is traditionally written with a "t", it is more correct to correlate the Turisaz rune not with T, but with D (D) or the letter combination TH. Thus, both names of the runic alphabet (Fudark or Futhark) are correct.
Sometimes you can also find the name "futork". This is due to the fact that in a number of younger futharks, the 3rd rune Ansuz meant the sound "o", not "a", and was called Oss (Anglo-Saxon runic system).
Futhark consists of three subsections - ettirs, or atts (Isl. ?ttir - ettir, Norwegian ?tt - att). All attas of the senior futhark have 8 runes, in total there are 24 of them.
Rice. 1. Futhark and its structure
The peculiarity of the image of runes is associated with the convenience of their inscription on hard materials: in the past, runic inscriptions were applied to stones or wooden planks. If you have a question about how to draw runes correctly, take a wooden plate and try to carve symbols on it - and everything will become clear to you.
In the modern tradition, runes are usually divided into four groups according to the position they occupy relative to their axis.
Symmetrical runes - Uruz, Algiz, Teyvaz, Evaz, Mannaz, Otal - can be read upside down, therefore they are called reversible, or inverted. It is believed that in the inverted position their meaning becomes opposite. In such cases, the inverted position is indicated as "p. P.".
Rice. 2. Reversible runes
Asymmetric runes - Thurisaz, Kenaz, Perth, Berkana - do not change when turned over, but can turn from right to left. This is called the mirror position - “mirror. P.". Their meaning also becomes different, but not necessarily opposite.
Rice. 3. Mirror runes
The runes Ansuz, Laguz, Vunyo, Raido, Fehu, included in the third group, both turn and turn over. Their interpretation also changes in this case. In runescripts / ties, such positions are most often referred to as “p. P." - inverted position.
Rice. 4. Inverted and rotated runes
There are also nine runes that do not have reverse positions: Gebo, Hagalaz, Nautiz, Isa, Iera, Eyvaz, Soulo, Inguz, Dagaz. Their meaning is permanent.
Rice. 5. Irreversible runes
The meaning of mirror and inverted runes can change, but practically it always characterizes negative points, problems and troubles.
And now let's go directly to the meanings of the runes adopted in modern practice. I will give brief modern interpretations of symbols in parallel with authentic ones from the Anglo-Saxon runic poem translated by Kirill Gorbachenko. I do not cite only the interpretation of the additional "Empty Rune", the concept of which arose already in modern times and goes beyond the framework of the ancient runic tradition. Let me remind you once again that the names of the characters may vary depending on the translation. In the modern tradition, the Germanic names of the runes are most often found. In my work, I also prefer to use them.
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