Baron Saturday legends. Haitian cemetery baron samedi - mediator between people and gods
[ex_messir_yu929]
Baron Samedi is an important loa (spirit) in voodoo. This is the prince of death and the world of the dead. Its attributes indicate its later origin (top hat, tailcoat, cigar). But the loa are the sons of God, angels, which means they have a long history. Can traces of the Baron be found in the Bible? Let's try to read the Bible through the prism of voodoo with the aim of deconstructively revealing new meanings.
The famous initiate Moses (Moses, Moshe, Musa) commanded to honor the Sabbath - Samedi.
"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall work and do all your work, but on the seventh day it is the Sabbath of the Lord" (Exodus 20:8).
This is the fourth of the 10 commandments. Moses went to his loa into the darkness on the mountain.
"Moses entered into darkness. Where is God" (Nzambi) (Exodus 20:21)
According to the Bible (Genesis 2:2) and voodoo, God rested (fell asleep) from his labors after creating the world. For voodooists, Nietzsche's phrase that God is dead is a reason for an arrogant smile at the uninitiated. Not dead, but asleep. Therefore, Moses could not speak with God himself, he spoke with one of the loa - the spirit. Most likely - with Baron Samedi, for darkness is his abode, and his day is Saturday.
"According to Freud, Moses was an Egyptian who professed the religion of Akhenaten (see Art. Amarna period), which he wanted to instill in the Israelites."
http://www.krotov.info/spravki/temy/p/psihoana.html
Moses was from Egypt, and the Egyptians loved death - their culture is famous for sarcophagi and pyramids. The patrimony of Baron Samedi. It is noteworthy that the Goth subculture cultivates the Egyptian ankh cross and the image of Dracula very similar to the Baron: a black top hat, a black cloak, a whitened face and a love of walking through cemeteries.
The first known zombie, Lazarus, has distinct Egyptian roots:
The name "Lazarus" is a Latinized form of the Greek Lazaros, a contraction Eleazaros or אֶלְעָזָר ("God has helped"), in Standard Hebrew Elʿazar and in Tiberian Hebrew ʾElʿāzār. In Hebrew the Egyptian god Osiris (whose name in demotic/hieroglyphics is thought to have been pronounced Aser) is also translated "Elaser" (from "El", meaning god and "Aser").
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus
Jesus Himself was the man of Baron Samedi: “The Son of Man is the Lord (Baron) of the Sabbath” (Luke 6:5). He zombified Lazarus on the Sabbath (Samedi), and the Pharisees called him casting out spirits by the power of Beelzebub (Matthew 12:24).
However, the tragedy of Jesus demonstrates that his life was full of drama. On the Jordan River he had a shamanic duel with Ivan Kupala (Jean Baptist, John the Baptist symbol of water, fire and the summer solstice). Lakwena (the Holy Spirit - the loa of visions and illusions) attacked Jesus and he was forced to run away from the water into the desert in order to weaken this demon. The fight was lost. Only Salome - Erzulie's mamba - managed to kill Kupala through dance (his head was presented to her on a platter by King Herod himself, Kupala's patron, who was enchanted by her). Then, after the resurrection of Lazarus, Jesus, inspired by Baron Samedi, went to storm Jerusalem as a king on a donkey and was welcomed as a king, but on Palm Sunday something happened. Jesus was unable to gain a foothold in Jerusalem and retreated to Bethany. He was again demoralized by Lakwena. “My soul is sorrowful unto death” (Mark 14:34). To defeat the evil spirit, Jesus turned himself into a nail-studded voodoo doll, nailing himself to the cross with the help of Judas and the soldiers. Lakwena tried to take revenge and, having dispersed, attacked the apostles on the day of Pentecost and began to live in the Church, but 40 years later, Jerusalem was taken by Roman soldiers.
Probably, of all the inhabitants of other worlds who have many fans today, the most striking and controversial is the Haitian Baron Samedi(Baron Saturday), nicknamed the owner of cemeteries.
Of course, for this type of activity he could be called a representative of evil spirits, but according to the voodoo cult that gave birth to this creature, the cheerful Baron is considered a restless loa spirit, a mediator between the gods and man. Perhaps this “inconsistency” and his cynical character, coupled with Samedi’s “way of life,” brought him enormous popularity all over the world.
Baron Samedi is depicted as a skeleton or a man in a black tailcoat and a black top hat (the clothing of a funeral master). Its main symbols are the coffin and the cross.
Deny the grave!
It must be said that it is no coincidence that Samedi has been called the patron saint of all churchyards on earth for many centuries. The fact is that this loa has the extraordinary ability to penetrate into the world of people whenever he pleases, while his “colleagues” acquire it thanks to rituals and the “summoning” of black sorcerers. That is why the Baron is entrusted with the responsibility of “transporting” the souls of the deceased to the world of the dead, as well as preparing them for a future birth.
Loa- in the voodoo religion, invisible spirits mediate between God and man, but at the same time they are not deities, but rather an analogue of Christian saints. Endowed with enormous strength and almost unlimited possibilities. Loas play an important role in voodoo rituals and are often associated with the concept of possession.
In Haiti, for centuries, it has been customary to dedicate the first grave of each new cemetery to Samedi, and the person buried in it “automatically” becomes the custodian of this graveyard. A special cross was placed on the grave of this “lucky one”, marking a crossroads.
However, despite the title of master of cemeteries, Samedi, to put it mildly, does not like death. It is believed that a person affected by the most terrible illness can turn to him, and he (if, of course, he is in a good mood) will make the disease recede. That’s why in Haiti, when a terminally ill patient suddenly and unexpectedly recovers, they say: “Samedi refused to dig his grave.”
But not many brave souls turn to Samedi with requests. After all, if he believes that they disturbed him in vain or that the person is unworthy of his help, then the Baron will quickly transport the petitioner himself to the world of the dead or tear off his hand. But voodoo experts say that... a cow's leg will help avoid such a fate. Like, if you hold it in your hands, such a “amulet” can make the Baron laugh and he will soften the “prepared” punishment.
But if we are talking about the life and health of small children, then no amulets are needed. It is believed that the Baron loves children very much, and therefore willingly responds to the requests of parents, almost always “refusing to dig a grave” for their sick child.
Test - a glass of rum
Another contradiction of Baron Samedi lies in his inexhaustible love of life. Surprisingly, nothing human is alien to this loa. So, unlike his “colleagues” who prefer to dress up in classic loincloths and ritual beads, the owner of cemeteries dresses in elegant suits and snow-white shirts, his head is adorned with a tall top hat, and Samedi always carries a dandy cane in his hand.
When going to our world, this fashionable loa always puts on elegant dark glasses, which are the highlight of his appearance. In addition to clothes, the Baron has other completely human hobbies and weaknesses - dancing, obscene jokes, three-story curses, and thanks to these passions, the “non-standard” behavior of the owner of the cemeteries sharply distinguishes him from the host of other loa.
But still, Samedi’s “calling card” for centuries has been and remains... good expensive cigars, which he does not part with under any circumstances, and strong rum, which he can drink incredible amounts of.
Samedi is also called the patron saint of sexuality and childbirth, and this is not without reason. Although it is believed that the Baron has an “official” wife - Mama Bridget, the owner of the cemeteries is not indifferent to the female sex, as evidenced by his numerous love affairs on the side. If you believe Creole legends, the Baron visits more than 10 beauties during the night, but in the morning he always returns to his faithful wife.
One of the Baron's favorite jokes is to temporarily inhabit the body of some poor fellow. After this, the teetotaler and exemplary family man suddenly, for no apparent reason, suddenly begins to drink buckets of rum and pursue all the surrounding ladies, regardless of their appearance and age.
To make sure that the Loa joker is to blame, the “victim” is given a glass of rum infused with 40 chili peppers to drink. An ordinary person cannot even take a sip of such a “medicine”, but for the Baron it is an excellent drink. However, realizing that he had been “declassified”, Samedi immediately went home.
Zombie creator
It must be said that it is no coincidence that so much is known about the Baron’s passions. There is a legend in Haiti about how Samedi from time to time reincarnates as a mortal man who becomes a powerful voodoo sorcerer. This is how he came to the island of Hispaniola (the former name of Haiti) many centuries ago. While in the body of an African sorcerer, the Baron was sold to a slave trader and set off on his ship to explore new lands.
He also became the first person buried in Port-au-Prince, the capital of the island. Tradition says that along with the sorcerer on that ship was his little son, who could not bear the difficult journey and died during the voyage. However, Samedi managed to preserve the boy's skull, which became a powerful talisman. Only the strongest voodoo sorcerers can own this artifact, as it provides them with a connection with the Baron.
Voodoo researchers believe that the most famous incarnation of Samedi and the owner of his son's skull was President Francois Duvalier, who ruled Haiti for several decades. The former doctor easily seized power in the country in 1957, relying on the Tonton Macoute guard.
In Haiti it was said that these warrior-policemen were nothing more than an army of zombies. The Baron also helped the dictator get rid of his enemies. Having quarreled with Kennedy, Duvalier performed a special ceremony, and he was soon killed.
In Haiti, they believe that Samedi can help even an inexperienced voodoo sorcerer create zombies. To do this, you need to perform a special ritual to catch a person’s soul, then place it in a bottle, on the cork of which the Baron will put a special seal - and a trouble-free, eternal and free worker is ready.
Saturday is a hard day
The day of the owner of cemeteries is Saturday. It is believed that it was she who gave him his name (Samedi translates from Creole as “Saturday”). That is why in Haiti, fans of the cheerful Baron often gather on this day off at the cemetery at the grave dedicated to Samedi and organize a grand celebration.
It begins with abundant sacrifices being made to the Baron - roasted peanuts and corn, strong coffee, red peppers, fresh bread and, of course, rum and cigars. Then the Baron's guests sing ancient songs in his honor, drink strong alcoholic drinks, smoke and glorify the lord of the dead in every possible way.
The climax of the holiday is the fiery dances, the most important of which is considered to be the passionate samba - the Baron's favorite dance. They say that Samedi himself often leaves the other world in order to take part in the holiday. Like, he can’t resist cheerful music, a sea of booze and beautiful dancing Creole girls.
Voodoo fans believe that Saturday is the best day to communicate with the spirits of deceased ancestors. So, if a person has any questions for one of his deceased relatives, then on Saturday evening he should go to the cemetery, make sacrifices to the Baron there and ask him for permission to spend the night at the relative’s grave.
It is believed that a daredevil who is not afraid to carry out such an extreme ritual will not only receive the answer he is looking for, but will also gain protection from dark forces for the rest of his life.
Elena LYAKINA, magazine "Secrets of the 20th Century", No. 41 2017
Look, tonight among our guests is an elegant man in a black top hat, black glasses and a black tailcoat. He would have seemed even more interesting, with his black cane and expensive cigar, if he had not plugged his nostrils with cotton swabs. After all, this is none other than Baron Saturday, the famous lord of the dead from the Voodoo pantheon. Who is the Baron, and why does he have his title?
Of course, no one knows this for sure. And if he does know, he tries to remain silent. There is no point in mentioning the powerful loa once again. Loa is a spirit that is an intermediary between the creator god and people. Baron Saturday has several guises. Some believe that he himself is just one of the incarnations of Papa Gede - the lord of the dead. According to this legend, Baron Saturday is the first person to be buried in Port-au-Prince, the capital of the Republic of Haiti. But his body still serves as a shelter for the spirit, whose role is to facilitate the transition of the human soul to the afterlife. Often the Baron of the Cross and the Baron of the Cemetery are listed next to the baron. They can also be considered as two hypostases of the loa itself: the cross is the crossroads at which the paths of the living intersect with the path of the dead. The cemetery is a traditional resting place where graves and their contents are entrusted to the protection of Baron Saturday.
According to another legend, the baron is an undertaker who buries the body and transfers the soul to the afterlife. That is why his nostrils are plugged - in the hot Haitian climate it is not so easy to keep the body of the deceased in proper condition for burial.
And the baron is also a family man. His wife, Bridget’s mother, guards cemeteries and guards the peace of the dead.
Oh, didn't I tell you that the baron is an elegantly dressed skeleton? No?
But this is a trifle if you have a true gentleman in front of you.
As you may have guessed, the baron is a travel lover. Once upon a time, on the ships of slave traders, his spirit crossed the ocean and ended up in Hispaniola. Over time, the island began to be called Haiti, and its population, having won freedom from slave owners, founded two states and one peculiar cult of worship of the Loa spirits, in the images of which traditional tribal deities of African tribes, Catholic saints and witchcraft were mixed. And these days, when Haiti is rocked by cataclysms - political and natural, the baron quite willingly visits the United States, where the largest diaspora of refugees from Haiti has settled.
Since death is a state that no one can avoid, the baron is highly revered by all ministers of voodooism. As sacrifices, he prefers rum, often infused with hot pepper, and excellent cigars. Fortunately, in the lands where black slaves were imported, there is no shortage of quality tobacco.
What are the baron’s admirers asking for?
The baron's spirit is indeed powerful and strong. His cane, or crutch, is a phallic symbol, a sign of rebirth and rebirth. They say that Baron Saturday is a supporter of a strictly established order: he does not like it when children or physically strong people are buried, which means that if a child is seriously ill and the doctors are already despairing of saving him, the Baron must be called immediately.
If the baron refuses to dig a grave for a dying person, it means that the time of his death has not yet arrived, and even after surviving the appearance of physical death, the person will be able to return to his loved ones.
It’s another matter if you disturb the baron in vain - after all, every soul has its own term. This is where you need to be especially careful. This is not the police, so you can get away with a fine for a false call. The Baron will take with him what he touched. And if you don’t take the cow’s leg in your hand ahead of time, before greeting the baron by returning his handshake, then you will lose your own hand.
Those on whom the spirit of Baron Saturday descends sometimes accomplish amazing things - drink gallons of rum infused with hot pepper or amaze all the surrounding ladies with their sexual power. In general, the baron, despite his gloomy occupation, is a great lover of life and nothing human is alien to him. If you really need to go for a walk, then you have to, and the baron knows how to do it very well.
However, the baron has one small drawback. Forgivable, you say? It's not the same for everybody.
The fact is that Haitian sorcerers, by calling on the baron, long ago learned one simple thing:
they capture a person's soul, put it in a bottle and ask the baron to plug the neck with a cork. Encouraged by sacrifices, the baron cannot refuse his servants anything. This is how a zombie is born - a person deprived of soul and memory, who literally becomes a slave of the sorcerer, and remains in this state until someone frees his soul from captivity.
It is believed that the word “zombie” comes from the word “Nsambi”, which has several meanings in the languages of the Congolese peoples. This is what the supreme deity is called, this is what the soul is called, and this is what the dead are called. Moreover, there are several types of dead people: those who have completely passed into another world, restless spirits of the dead, akin to European ghosts, as well as “nyumba” - people considered formally dead, but continuing to live among the living as if nothing had happened. Apparently, the latter are the “ancestors” of Haitian zombies.
The most famous of the zombie people in Haiti was Claudius Narcissus, who died suddenly in the spring of 1962 and, after appropriate examination in a hospital in Port-au-Prince, was buried as dead. Soon Narcissus was kidnapped from the grave and taken to one of the remote farms, where he woke up from his “sleep” and, without remembering himself, worked with hundreds of people like himself for eighteen years. Awareness of reality returned to him unexpectedly. He escaped from the plantation, but his relatives, although they recognized him as Claudius Narcissus, were afraid to deal with him. Narcissus was admitted to hospital for recuperative treatment, and his photograph, in which he was captured sitting next to his grave, spread around the world.
Here, perhaps, it is necessary to mention what is, perhaps, the real shame of Haiti: in 1957, President Francois Duvalier, a former doctor and organizer of the military junta that carried out a coup in the country, came to power in the Republic of Haiti. After some time, the country learned that Duvalier was a powerful voodoo sorcerer and even the incarnation of Baron Saturday. And his police force - the Tonton Macoutes - are nothing more than an army of zombies, resurrected to serve their master. The dictator's brutal regime was maintained by superstitious fear until 1971, and then, after the death of his father, his son, Jean-Claude Duvalier, came to power in the country, and was removed only in 1986. The years of rule of the Duvalier family not only ruined the country's population, but also reduced it through severe repression. Baron Samdi collected a good harvest from the political opponents of the Duvalier family.
There are rumors that the baron was also forced to participate in the assassination of Kennedy. For refusing subsidies to the Republic of Haiti, “Papa Doc,” as Francois Duvalier liked to call himself, cursed a voodoo doll of the US President. Soon Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas. And if the spirit of Baron Saturday did not hover over the wooden fence, then it certainly came for the soul of Lee Harvey Oswald.
The baron has also made his mark in the modern mainstream. At first, Ian Fleming made him the hero of his James Bond novel, and Geoffrey Holder brilliantly embodied his image on the screen. And then the Baron “surfaced” in the pantheon of Neil Gaiman’s American Gods and Terry Pratchett’s Witches Abroad.
In general, Mr. Baron, as usual, strives for entertainment, travel, fame and receiving various types of pleasure.
Let's perform a fiery dance for him today to the sound of the ritual drums of Haiti.
Voodoo is first known for its “loa” - spirit mediators between people and God, fulfilling the will of the priests who call upon them. One of the most popular and famous loa is Baron Saturday (or Samedi, Samdi, Samdi from the French “Saturday” - samedi). His power is embedded in the Major Arcana of the Voodoo Tarot cards, along with other powerful loa.
Baron Samedi is the patron spirit of everything related to death, sexuality and reproduction. Despite the fact that voodoo is an African religious movement, Saturday's appearance is European: a skeleton in a black tailcoat and a black top hat, like an undertaker's, and often with a cigarette or cigar; sometimes depicted with a crutch or cane, a sort of elegant corpse. It follows from this that his symbolism will also be on the theme of death - the symbol of Baron Saturday is the coffin. The first grave in the new cemetery is also dedicated to the Baron if the deceased person was a man. When entering the cemetery, the guest should ask permission to enter from Baron Samedi, and in the future, wandering between the graves, he will be looked after by his minions.
In addition to patronizing everything dead, sexual and giving birth, Baron Saturday “works” as the Master of the astral gates, so through him you can communicate with the spirits of deceased ancestors. True, the Baron should not be confused with the Master of the Family, another loa of the voodoo pantheon - he is death, and this can no longer be something alive. Baron Saturday also loves children in his own way: if something happened to the kids or they were near death, then you should contact Samedi, and perhaps he will ease their suffering.
Known for its parties dressed as dead (or closely related) people and beings, All Saints' Day, celebrated on either October 31st or November 1st, is recognized in Haiti primarily as the feast of the Baron Sabbath. On this day it is customary to openly have fun, but it is worth remembering that the fun of Africans is very different from the fun of the peoples of Europe or America. On this day, it is customary to smoke a lot and drink rum flavored with red pepper (preferably dousing yourself in the process and splashing it on those around you), dance to the point of mind-blowing dizziness, lose all inhibitions and fears - you can think about them tomorrow, but today we are having fun! Baron Saturday may well be present at the festival in honor of himself, which is what the Haitians and Africans are asking him to do.
Baron Samedi, among other things, patronizes thugs and criminals. Baron Saturday is summoned with the help of voodoo magic - special rituals in which it is not necessary to call on the lame Legbe - the Baron is an independent person and can appear on his own, but then this will be disrespect for another spirit, for which one can also pay a hard price. Baron Saturday can open any roads and paths for himself, so it’s a matter of respect and veneration.
It is known that the Baron can inhabit the bodies of people and control the dead, which is also an element of witchcraft. This happens, naturally, very rarely, but a person who has been possessed by Baron Samedi himself tends to swear a lot, drink and smoke endlessly, and also not abstain from any other physical sins, such as adultery.
In conclusion, it is worth noting that Baron Saturday is married to another loa - Mama Bridget. Together with her, they form a kind of parents, Mother and Father, who are between life and absolute death, and their job is to transport the souls of the dead into something more complete, so that they again regain the memory of who they are and what their names are.
Baron Saturday (fr. Baron Samedi)
Day of the week: Saturday.
Colors: Black and White, or Black and Purple. There is only purple.
Area responsible for: Cemeteries, Dead, Black magic, Master of astral gates, Children.
Necklace: Black and White beads are strung one after the other. Those. one black, one white, bring to the required length.
Offerings: Black coffee, Black goat, Black rooster, Roasted peanuts, Vodka infused with 21 peppers, Rum (or good quality moonshine), Cigar.
Symbol: Cross, Skull, coffin, also Cane and Hat (top hat) (clothing of a funeral master)
Marital status: Married to Mama Brigit (owner of the cemetery gate).
Baron is the most important of the spirits of the dead - Gede. Baron Samdi is the first man to die in the capital of Haiti (and at the same time the center of voodoo), Port-au-Prince.
Baron Samedi is the ruler of the cemetery and the dead. The first grave (if the deceased is a man) is dedicated to him. Moreover, this dead person will most likely be the caretaker of the cemetery, and not the Baron himself, but through him the energies of the Baron can freely control other dead ones. The Baron is not responsible for the clan (or deceased ancestors) (since these are separate Spirits), but with his help you can open the gates to their world (Master of the astral gates). He will help you communicate with them and support you if something goes wrong. But he cannot be called the Master of the clan, in the full sense of the word. Baron is the dead, but not the clan.
The Baron wears a top hat, is dressed in a tuxedo, and holds a cane (in some interpretations, a crutch). He smokes strong cigars, drinks rum and swears obscenely.
Loves children and life as the second component of death. If a child is dying (or is in mortal danger), then you need to contact the Baron. He is merciful to children. Although sometimes in a very different way.
Also in his department is the so-called “Black” magic.
If a sorcerer wants to cause damage or kill a person, then this question can be addressed to Baron Samedi.
To summon the Baron, a prior invitation to the Legba ritual is not always required, because The Baron can open the doors himself and come. But out of respect for Tradition and Legba himself, Legba must be called first, and then the Baron. This is simply a tribute to the great Orisha. But it is not the Baron’s inability to open roads, especially if the ritual is performed in a cemetery, where he is a full-fledged owner.
It is believed that when crossing the cemetery gates (entering the cemetery territory), you should ask the Baron for permission, because you enter his house. And you will continue to be under the supervision of his charges.
The Baron is not just the guardian of the cemetery (an entity that looks after the dead in a particular cemetery, each cemetery has its own), but through him (like any dead person) the Baron can manifest himself. The Baron is much more than just the dead, he is a very strong Spirit, in whose department is everything that has died and has already outlived its term. Everything connected with death is him.
It is believed that a person possessed by Baron Saturday exhibits intemperance in drinking and eating, smoking and sex.
The height of celebration and worship of the Baron is the national holiday of the Haitians - the Day of the Dead Festival. On this day, crowds of pilgrims gather at his grave. The night before they celebrate and sing in his honor. Everyone smokes and drinks rum flavored with hot pepper, sprinkles the crowd with rum and waits for the descent of the spirit of Baron Saturday. Baron Saturday is considered the patron saint of all bandits and thugs. The cross on the grave of Baron Saturday is not a Christian crucifix, but a sign of a crossroads known in all cultures. He may be wearing a hat or a skull.
The spirit of Baron Saturday descends on someone present - a medium. In addition to the spirit of Baron Saturday, the spirit of the goddess of love Erzili, the spirits of snakes, etc. can descend. A black bull and black goats are sacrificed to Baron Saturday. Their blood is placed in vats in front of the temple altar. Objects of magic are placed on the voodoo altar: chicken legs, tufts of human hair, crosses for Baron Saturday, dolls dedicated to Baron Saturday's wife - Bridget, bottles with magical powers contained in them - perfumes.
The ecstatic states experienced by Vodou initiates while possessed by spirits include visions of “crossing the sea” and “reaching paradise” in an altered state of consciousness, accompanied, like shamanic rituals, by violent leaps. They end with the teeth ritually biting the carotid artery of a live black pig - as during the Cayman Forest oath.
It is believed that the holiday of Baron Saturday is also visited by the living dead - zombies. Fear of zombies is very common among Haitians. The living dead, deprived of their will and obeying the will of the Ungan, are perceived as reality in voodoo. It is alleged that a powder obtained from poisonous fish found off the coast of Haiti is used to turn a person into a zombie. If this powder is blown into a person's face, he falls into a comatose state, so that it is impossible to determine whether he is alive or not. Before sunset on Saturday, the victim, like all the dead in Haiti, is buried. Later, the voodoo priest digs up the grave and unearths his victim. Due to being in the grave, a person becomes a zombie - he loses his memory and becomes completely obedient to the voodoo sorcerer.
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